Energy Efficiency in Agrifood Systems - Revision history

Lilia Maximova: /* Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa */

2020-11-10T16:30:55Z

‎Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa

Lilia Maximova: /* Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa */

2020-11-10T16:06:57Z

‎Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa

Lilia Maximova: /* Case Studies */

2020-11-10T15:55:15Z

‎Case Studies

Lilia Maximova: /* Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa */

2020-11-10T15:52:42Z

‎Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa

Lilia Maximova: /* Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa */

2020-11-10T15:50:05Z

‎Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa

Lilia Maximova: /* Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa */

2020-11-10T15:48:36Z

‎Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa

Lilia Maximova: /* Case Studies */

2020-11-10T15:24:23Z

‎Case Studies

Lilia Maximova: /* Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa */

2020-11-10T12:56:28Z

‎Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa

Lilia Maximova: /* Case Studies */

2020-11-10T12:53:57Z

‎Case Studies

Lilia Maximova: /* Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa */

2020-11-10T12:37:56Z

‎Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa

@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">'''<span class="link3"></span>'''</span></span>
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 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water only, and it is one of the most important crops for Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Indonesia. '''Sri Lanka''' is the third-largest global exporter of tea comprising approximately 11% of the export market. Domestically, the Sri Lanka tea sector is valued at $1 billion per annum. '''Kenya''' is the world’s top exporter of black tea. Tea contributes 4% of the country’s GDP and 26% of the country’s export earnings. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) estimates that 10% of the Kenyan population depend on tea, with around 560,000 small scale farmers producing 60% of the tea. '''Indonesia''' is the seventh-largest tea exporter in terms of weight. Approximately 70% of the production is in West Java and smallholders cultivate nearly 50% of the land. '''<span class="link3">[[Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa|Read more…]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>
-'''[[File:Tea Sorting.jpg|frame|center|400px|Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|alt=Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|link=https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Tea_pucker.jpg]]<br/>'''
+<span class="link3"><span class="link3">'''<span class="link3"></span>'''A potential of a quick return on investment by improving energy efficiency incentivizes the stakeholders to invest in energy efficiency. At the same time, a strong energy conservation framework at the national level is important to incentivize and promote certification and the use of energy auditors. While modern technology helps participants make informed decisions, it is, however, critical to engage all stages of management in efficiency training and to empower factory staff to easily understand and effectively use the data to support energy efficiency.'''<span class="link3"></span>'''</span></span><br/>
 <br/>

@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">'''<span class="link3"></span>'''</span></span>
 == <span class="link3"><span class="link3"><span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa</span></span></span><br/> ==
 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water only, and it is one of the most important crops for Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Indonesia. '''Sri Lanka''' is the third-largest global exporter of tea comprising approximately 11% of the export market. Domestically, the Sri Lanka tea sector is valued at $1 billion per annum. '''Kenya''' is the world’s top exporter of black tea. Tea contributes 4% of the country’s GDP and 26% of the country’s export earnings. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) estimates that 10% of the Kenyan population depend on tea, with around 560,000 small scale farmers producing 60% of the tea. '''Indonesia''' is the seventh-largest tea exporter in terms of weight. Approximately 70% of the production is in West Java and smallholders cultivate nearly 50% of the land. '''<span class="link3">[[Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa|Read more…]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>
-'''[[File:Tea Sorting.jpg|frame|center|400px|Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|alt=Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|link=https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Tea_pucker.jpg]]'''<br/>
+'''[[File:Tea Sorting.jpg|frame|center|400px|Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|alt=Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|link=https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Tea_pucker.jpg]]<br/>'''
-−
-Climate change affects the tea production process and increases the vulnerability of the actors in the industry. Improving the energy efficiency within the sector not only mitigates climate change but can also significantly reduce the operating costs of production.<br/>
 <br/>
 <br/>
 == <span class="link3"><span class="link3"><span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Have Improved Cookstoves Benefitted Rural Kenyans?</span></span></span><br/> ==

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 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">In general, there are two basic principles for cogeneration: a topping cycle, where electricity is first produced, to then use the heat derived from electricity production, and a bottoming cycle, which produces high amounts of heat, which can be recovered and fed into an electrical plant. Waste heat recovery and thus cogeneration can be operated in all types of combustion processes and fuels. Advantages of cogeneration lie in its high efficiency gains of 30 percent and more, resulting from one single generation process of power and heat, and the reduction of emissions, costs and fuel dependency. '''<span class="link3">[[Cogeneration|Read more…]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>
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 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">Finally, fermentation also requires heat and electricity, although in smaller amounts, which can be reduced by ensuring uniform thickness of tea on the fermentation bed to minimise air requirements, keeping steam use to a minimum. '''<span class="link3">[[:File:Reducing Energy Consumption at Tea Processing Factories.pdf|Read more ...]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>
 <br/>
+<span class="link3"><span class="link3">'''<span class="link3"></span>'''</span></span>
-−
 == <span class="link3"><span class="link3"><span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa</span></span></span><br/> ==
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 == <span class="link3"><span class="link3"><span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Have Improved Cookstoves Benefitted Rural Kenyans?</span></span></span><br/> ==

@@ Line 66: / Line 66: @@
 <br/>
@@ Line 73: / Line 74: @@
 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water only, and it is one of the most important crops for Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Indonesia. '''Sri Lanka''' is the third-largest global exporter of tea comprising approximately 11% of the export market. Domestically, the Sri Lanka tea sector is valued at $1 billion per annum. '''Kenya''' is the world’s top exporter of black tea. Tea contributes 4% of the country’s GDP and 26% of the country’s export earnings. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) estimates that 10% of the Kenyan population depend on tea, with around 560,000 small scale farmers producing 60% of the tea. '''Indonesia''' is the seventh-largest tea exporter in terms of weight. Approximately 70% of the production is in West Java and smallholders cultivate nearly 50% of the land. '''<span class="link3">[[Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa|Read more…]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>
-'''[[File:Tea Sorting.jpg|center|400px|Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|alt=Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|link=https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Tea_pucker.jpg]]'''<br/>
+'''[[File:Tea Sorting.jpg|frame|center|400px|Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|alt=Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|link=https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Tea_pucker.jpg]]'''<br/>
 Climate change affects the tea production process and increases the vulnerability of the actors in the industry. Improving the energy efficiency within the sector not only mitigates climate change but can also significantly reduce the operating costs of production.<br/>

@@ Line 66: / Line 66: @@
 <br/>
@@ Line 72: / Line 73: @@
 <span class="link3"><span class="link3">Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water only, and it is one of the most important crops for Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Indonesia. '''Sri Lanka''' is the third-largest global exporter of tea comprising approximately 11% of the export market. Domestically, the Sri Lanka tea sector is valued at $1 billion per annum. '''Kenya''' is the world’s top exporter of black tea. Tea contributes 4% of the country’s GDP and 26% of the country’s export earnings. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) estimates that 10% of the Kenyan population depend on tea, with around 560,000 small scale farmers producing 60% of the tea. '''Indonesia''' is the seventh-largest tea exporter in terms of weight. Approximately 70% of the production is in West Java and smallholders cultivate nearly 50% of the land. '''<span class="link3">[[Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa|Read more…]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>
-'''[[File:Tea pucker.jpg|center|400px|Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|alt=Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|link=https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Tea_pucker.jpg]]'''<br/>
+'''[[File:Tea Sorting.jpg|center|400px|Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|alt=Tea sorting (GIZ / Böthling).|link=https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Tea_pucker.jpg]]'''<br/>
 Climate change affects the tea production process and increases the vulnerability of the actors in the industry. Improving the energy efficiency within the sector not only mitigates climate change but can also significantly reduce the operating costs of production.<br/>

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:37, 10 November 2020
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	<span class="link3"><span class="link3">They promote two types of energy-efficient and improved cookstoves: the Jiko Kisasa, 40 percent more efficient, and the Rocket stove, 20 percent more efficient. Both are produced locally, use firewood, and have no chimneys but provide good combustion. As of December 2017, about 9.6 million people had benefitted from it. According to EnDev, ICS lowered firewood consumption by 638,000 tons (corresponding to 38,000 hectares of forest) and cut CO2 emissions by more than 738,000 tons between 2016 and 2017. On average, the improved cookstoves reduced fuel consumption by about 20-32 kg a month (about 18-29 percent of consumption). As ICS adoption reduced the time women spent collecting biomass fuels by 92-105 minutes a week, it also increased the time women spent on income-generating activities, childcare, and leisure. Furthermore, ICS reduced some of the symptoms associated with exposure to household air pollution. It has also helped to develop the cookstove market in rural Kenya, creating jobs in the production, marketing and installation of stoves. Some 4,200 previously unemployed people (mostly women and youth) have become self-employed in the ICS market. '''[https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/32122/Have-Improved-Cookstoves-Benefitted-Rural-Kenyans-Findings-from-the-EnDev-Initiative.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Read more…]'''</span></span><br/>		<span class="link3"><span class="link3">They promote two types of energy-efficient and improved cookstoves: the Jiko Kisasa, 40 percent more efficient, and the Rocket stove, 20 percent more efficient. Both are produced locally, use firewood, and have no chimneys but provide good combustion. As of December 2017, about 9.6 million people had benefitted from it. According to EnDev, ICS lowered firewood consumption by 638,000 tons (corresponding to 38,000 hectares of forest) and cut CO2 emissions by more than 738,000 tons between 2016 and 2017. On average, the improved cookstoves reduced fuel consumption by about 20-32 kg a month (about 18-29 percent of consumption). As ICS adoption reduced the time women spent collecting biomass fuels by 92-105 minutes a week, it also increased the time women spent on income-generating activities, childcare, and leisure. Furthermore, ICS reduced some of the symptoms associated with exposure to household air pollution. It has also helped to develop the cookstove market in rural Kenya, creating jobs in the production, marketing and installation of stoves. Some 4,200 previously unemployed people (mostly women and youth) have become self-employed in the ICS market. '''[https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/32122/Have-Improved-Cookstoves-Benefitted-Rural-Kenyans-Findings-from-the-EnDev-Initiative.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Read more…]'''</span></span><br/>
		+


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	<span class="link3"><span class="link3">Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water only, and it is one of the most important crops for Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Indonesia. '''Sri Lanka''' is the third-largest global exporter of tea comprising approximately 11% of the export market. Domestically, the Sri Lanka tea sector is valued at $1 billion per annum. '''Kenya''' is the world’s top exporter of black tea. Tea contributes 4% of the country’s GDP and 26% of the country’s export earnings. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) estimates that 10% of the Kenyan population depend on tea, with around 560,000 small scale farmers producing 60% of the tea. '''Indonesia''' is the seventh-largest tea exporter in terms of weight. Approximately 70% of the production is in West Java and smallholders cultivate nearly 50% of the land. '''<span class="link3">[[Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa\|Read more…]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>		<span class="link3"><span class="link3">Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water only, and it is one of the most important crops for Sri Lanka, Kenya, and Indonesia. '''Sri Lanka''' is the third-largest global exporter of tea comprising approximately 11% of the export market. Domestically, the Sri Lanka tea sector is valued at $1 billion per annum. '''Kenya''' is the world’s top exporter of black tea. Tea contributes 4% of the country’s GDP and 26% of the country’s export earnings. The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) estimates that 10% of the Kenyan population depend on tea, with around 560,000 small scale farmers producing 60% of the tea. '''Indonesia''' is the seventh-largest tea exporter in terms of weight. Approximately 70% of the production is in West Java and smallholders cultivate nearly 50% of the land. '''<span class="link3">[[Towards Carbon Neutral Tea: Lessons learned from Asia and Africa\|Read more…]]</span>'''</span></span><br/>
		+	<br/>