Energy for Rural Health Centers - Revision history

Lisafeldmann at 07:55, 3 September 2020

2020-09-03T07:55:40Z

Ranisha: /* Further Information */

2020-05-12T09:09:02Z

‎Further Information

Lisafeldmann: /* Technological Options */

2020-05-12T08:55:09Z

‎Technological Options

Lisafeldmann: /* Electricity Technology Characteristics */

2020-05-12T06:49:57Z

‎Electricity Technology Characteristics

Lisafeldmann: /* Electricity Needs */

2020-05-12T06:45:01Z

‎Electricity Needs

Johanna at 10:10, 11 May 2020

2020-05-11T10:10:56Z

Lisafeldmann: /* Electricity needs */

2020-05-11T09:48:16Z

‎Electricity needs

Lisafeldmann: /* Sterilization / Pasteurization / Water heating */

2020-05-11T09:47:56Z

‎Sterilization / Pasteurization / Water heating

Lisafeldmann: /* Food for staff */

2020-05-11T09:47:31Z

‎Food for staff

Lisafeldmann: /* Further Information */

2020-05-11T09:46:59Z

‎Further Information

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 == Electricity Needs ==
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 <br/>
-[[File:WAME newlightfornewlife imm4ok Hospital in Bahor Afghanistan after electrification.png|thumb|center|700pxpx]]
+[[File:WAME newlightfornewlife imm4ok Hospital in Bahor Afghanistan after electrification.png|thumb|center|700px|alt=WAME newlightfornewlife imm4ok Hospital in Bahor Afghanistan after electrification.png]]
 === Basic Needs Assessment ===
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 Once a facility has comprehensively analyzed the energy requirements of its day-to-day operations, likely changes of those demands should be considered. Facility managers must think strategically about the possibility that energy demands may increase due to the addition of patients, extended operating hours, or new services. Once this process has been completed and an adequate accounting of needs has been made, the manager can determine the various energy options to meet those demands. These options must be considered in light of all facility-specific variables.
 == Electricity Supply Options<br/> ==
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 <br/>
 === Technological Options ===
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 *'''Mini-grids'''
+<br/>
 *'''Grid Extension'''
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 === Electricity Technology Characteristics ===
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 === Costs of Different Technologies ===
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 = Further Information =
-*[[Webinar_Series:_Sustainable_Energy_in_Humanitarian_Settings|Webinar on Powering Humanitarian Health Operations: Sustainable Energy Solutions]]
+*[[Webinar Series: Sustainable Energy in Humanitarian Settings|Webinar on Powering Humanitarian Health Operations: Sustainable Energy Solutions]]
 *Articles on energypedia:
 **[[Access to modern energy and the impact on health|Access to modern energy and the impact on health]]
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 <br/>
 = References =
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 <references />
 [[Category:Energy_Access]]

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 <br/>
 = Further Information =
 *Articles on energypedia:
 **[[Access to modern energy and the impact on health|Access to modern energy and the impact on health]]
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 <br/>
 = References =

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 <br/>
 === Technological Options ===
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 <br/>
 *'''Grid Extension'''

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 <br/>
 === Electricity Technology Characteristics ===
-The table below from USAID (no date, probably published between 2006 and 2010) illustrates the key characteristics of energy generation technologies. Please keep in mind that costs of renewable energy systems have decreased significantly over the last years, so the assessment provided in the table might have changed. It is also highly dependent on local circumstances, for example import taxes or domestic production, and international fuel prices.<br/>
+The table below from USAID (no date, probably published between 2006 and 2010) illustrates the key characteristics of some energy generation technologies. Please keep in mind that costs of renewable energy systems have decreased significantly over the last years, so the assessment provided in the table might have changed. It is also highly dependent on local circumstances, for example import taxes or domestic production, and international fuel prices.<br/>
 {| style="height: 315px;  width: 100px;  width: 100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
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 <br/>
 === Costs of Different Technologies ===

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 <br/>
 == Electricity Needs ==
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 <br/>
 === Basic Needs Assessment ===
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 Once a facility has comprehensively analyzed the energy requirements of its day-to-day operations, likely changes of those demands should be considered. Facility managers must think strategically about the possibility that energy demands may increase due to the addition of patients, extended operating hours, or new services. Once this process has been completed and an adequate accounting of needs has been made, the manager can determine the various energy options to meet those demands. These options must be considered in light of all facility-specific variables.

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+|
 *Typically located in a remote setting with limited services and a small staff<br/>
-*<br/>
+*They mainly cater to primary health, with treatments provided for most common diseases such as malaria and TB, in addition to maternal and child health services and first response to emergencies.
-−
-They mainly cater to primary health, with treatments provided for most common diseases such as malaria and TB, in addition to maternal and child health services and first response to emergencies.<br/>
-−
 *Approximately 0 - 60 beds
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 <br/>
 == Electricity Needs ==
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 Once a facility has comprehensively analyzed the energy requirements of its day-to-day operations, likely changes of those demands should be considered. Facility managers must think strategically about the possibility that energy demands may increase due to the addition of patients, extended operating hours, or new services. Once this process has been completed and an adequate accounting of needs has been made, the manager can determine the various energy options to meet those demands. These options must be considered in light of all facility-specific variables.
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 In most rural health facilities, thermal energy is needed for food preparation – for staff as well as for patients.
 === Food for Staff ===
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 <br/>
 === Food for Patients ===
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 <br/>
 == Sterilization / Pasteurization / Water Heating ==
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 <br/>
 == Space Heating ==
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 <br/>
+<br/>
 = Further Information =
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 <br/>
 = References =
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 <references />
 [[Category:Impacts_Health]]

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 <br/>
-== Electricity needs ==
 Some very common and basic devices or services that need electricity are the following:
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 <br/><br/>
 == Electricity Supply Options<br/> ==

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 <br/>
-== Sterilization / Pasteurization / Water heating ==
 Thermal energy is also needed for the sterilization of instruments, the pasteurization of drinking water and to heat bath water for the patients. Thermo-solar energy might be an option, if used with a (reusable) temperature indicator to ensure that the water has reached the required temperature. Solar energy is also a good option to heat bath water for the patients, if storage of hot water is provided. Conventional passive solar thermal water heating systems are becoming more common in developing countries, and can usually heat water to a temperature suitable for basic hygiene and sanitation.<ref name="WHO, The World Bank (2015): Access to modern energy services for health facilities in resource-constrained settings: a review of status, significance, challenges and measurement. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/156847/9789241507646_eng.pdf%3Bjsessionid=05BA6EDD62617D7CFB7AE8FBE47A639A?sequence=1">WHO, The World Bank (2015): Access to modern energy services for health facilities in resource-constrained settings: a review of status, significance, challenges and measurement. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/156847/9789241507646_eng.pdf%3Bjsessionid=05BA6EDD62617D7CFB7AE8FBE47A639A?sequence=1</ref>
 <br/>
 == Space Heating ==

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 In most rural health facilities, thermal energy is needed for food preparation – for staff as well as for patients.
-=== Food for staff ===
 It depends mainly on the number of staff, the health center management and/or the degree of self-organization of the staff if the meals for staff members are prepared communally. In this case an institutional size stove might make sense.<br/>
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 === Food for Patients ===

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 = Further Information =
 *Articles on energypedia:
 **[[Access to modern energy and the impact on health|Access to modern energy and the impact on health]]
 **[[Photovoltaic (PV) for Health Centers - Project Experience|Project Experience with PV for Health Centers]]<br/>
-**
+**[[Electrification of Social Institutions with Solar Photovoltaic -Lessons Learned from Uganda|Electrification of Social Institutions with Solar Photovoltaic - Lessons Learned from Uganda]]
-[[Electrification_of_Social_Institutions_with_Solar_Photovoltaic_-Lessons_Learned_from_Uganda|Electrification of Social Institutions with Solar Photovoltaic - Lessons Learned from Uganda]]
 *[http://www.poweringhealth.org/ Powering Health, USAID website] covering all major issues on electricity supply for rural health centers. Several country case studies available. Offers tools for energy audits and load calculation. Highly recommandable!