Industrial Electrical Heating: Applications - Revision history

Wiki Gardener at 12:01, 5 December 2014

2014-12-05T12:01:08Z

Wiki Gardener at 12:00, 5 December 2014

2014-12-05T12:00:15Z

Ranisha at 08:48, 17 July 2014

2014-07-17T08:48:04Z

Katharina Wiedemann: /* References */

2014-07-09T11:21:02Z

‎References

Katharina Wiedemann at 11:20, 9 July 2014

2014-07-09T11:20:09Z

Ranisha: Ranisha Basnet moved page Industrial electrical heating: applications to Industrial Electrical Heating: Applications without leaving a redirect

2014-07-09T09:53:11Z

Ranisha Basnet moved page Industrial electrical heating: applications to Industrial Electrical Heating: Applications without leaving a redirect

Ranisha at 09:52, 9 July 2014

2014-07-09T09:52:43Z

Ranisha at 09:51, 9 July 2014

2014-07-09T09:51:26Z

Hans De Keulenaer at 13:45, 8 July 2014

2014-07-08T13:45:53Z

Hans De Keulenaer at 13:44, 8 July 2014

2014-07-08T13:44:53Z

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 <u>Each electro-heat technology has specific advantages and specific application domains where these advantages can be fully exploited:</u>
-*[[Industrial Electrical Heating: Applications#Resistance Heating|Resistance Heating]]<br/>
+*[[Industrial Electrical Heating: Applications#Resistance Heating|Resistance Heating]] (indirect & direct)<br/>
 *[[Industrial Electrical Heating: Applications#Infrared Heating|Infrared Heating]]
 *[[Industrial Electrical Heating: Applications#Induction Heating|Induction Heating]]
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 == Resistance Heating ==
 '''Indirect resistance heating''' – Its energy efficiency is often rather poor, but indirect resistance heating can still be cost-effective by making use of special electricity tariffs at periods of low demand (e.g. at night), and by optimizing the geometrical position and by heat recuperation.
 Advantages include a consistent product quality (essential in the food and drinks industry) and uniform energy supply over the volume (essential in metallurgy). It leads to an exact production capacity (essential for some drying processes) and a high degree of modularity (essential in many chemical processes). The fact that it avoids the production of flue gasses is essential in many metallurgical processes to avoid surface oxidation.
-−
 '''Direct resistance heating''' – This is much less common, but is used frequently in the glass industry. Energy efficiency is much better than with indirect resistance heating. A reduced initial investment cost, compact furnaces, and relatively simple operation are the reasons why the glass industry prefers direct resistance heating over natural gas furnaces.
@@ Line 77: / Line 77: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Heating]]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 = Main Application Areas of Electro-Heating =
-Each electro-heat technology has specific advantages and specific application domains where these advantages can be fully exploited:
+<u>Each electro-heat technology has specific advantages and specific application domains where these advantages can be fully exploited:</u>
 <br/>
@@ Line 14: / Line 20: @@
 == Resistance Heating ==
 *'''Indirect resistance heating''' – Its energy efficiency is often rather poor, but indirect resistance heating can still be cost-effective by making use of special electricity tariffs at periods of low demand (e.g. at night), and by optimizing the geometrical position and by heat recuperation.
 Advantages include a consistent product quality (essential in the food and drinks industry) and uniform energy supply over the volume (essential in metallurgy). It leads to an exact production capacity (essential for some drying processes) and a high degree of modularity (essential in many chemical processes). The fact that it avoids the production of flue gasses is essential in many metallurgical processes to avoid surface oxidation.
-*'''Direct resistance heating – '''This is much less common, but is used frequently in the glass industry. Energy efficiency is much better than with indirect resistance heating. A reduced initial investment cost, compact furnaces, and relatively simple operation are the reasons why the glass industry prefers direct resistance heating over natural gas furnaces.
 <br/>
@@ Line 55: / Line 63: @@
 = Further Information =
-*Application note: Introduction to industrial electrical heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/introduction-industrial-electrical-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/introduction-industrial-electrical-heating]
+*[https://energypedia.info/Industrial Electrical Heating: Technologies and Advantages Industrial Electrical Heating: Technologies and Advantages]<br/>
-*Application note: Dielectric heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/dielectric-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/dielectric-heating]
-*Application note: Induction heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/induction-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/induction-heating]
-*Application note: Infrared heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating]<br/>
-*[[Industrial_Electrical_Heating:_Technologies_and_Advantages|Industrial Electrical Heating: Technologies and Advantages]]<br/>
-<br/>
+<u>[http://www.leonardo-energy.org/ Leonardo Energy - Application notes:]</u><br/>
 <br/>
@@ Line 69: / Line 77: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Heating]]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 This article provides an overview of the most appropriate applications of industrial electrical heating (electro-heating).<br/>
+<br/>
 = Main Application Areas of Electro-Heating =
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 Each electro-heat technology has specific advantages and specific application domains where these advantages can be fully exploited:
+<br/>
 == Resistance Heating ==
@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 *'''Direct resistance heating – '''This is much less common, but is used frequently in the glass industry. Energy efficiency is much better than with indirect resistance heating. A reduced initial investment cost, compact furnaces, and relatively simple operation are the reasons why the glass industry prefers direct resistance heating over natural gas furnaces.
+<br/>
 == Infrared Heating ==
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 This is a widely employed heating technique for surface treatments (heating or drying) and pre-heating purposes. It is frequently used in the food industry for baking and in the metallurgy and textile industries for fixing coatings and drying paint. Its major advantages are the low investment cost of the installation and its high power density, resulting in very compact installations with a high heating rate.
+<br/>
 == Induction Heating ==
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 It also offers a high power density: it can reach high temperatures at high speed, homogeneously distributed over the work-piece. It’s suitable for automation, and leads to very precise control of heat localization.
+<br/>
 == Dielectric Heating ==
@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 This is used for materials with proper dielectric characteristics, namely good electrical insulators. Despite its relatively low energy efficiency, it will often be the most energy efficient option for materials with low thermal conductivity, such as rubber and certain plastics. The technology is particularly common in the food and drink industry, where the vacuum environment guarantees a clean workspace, and volumetric heating avoids agglomeration and the overheating of the contact surface. The highly controlled heating is ideal for tempering, thawing, and viscosity control. For the pasteurization and sterilization of food, dielectric heating can ensure that all the volume has passed through the imposed temperature-time curve.
+<br/>
 == Electric Arc and Plasma Heating ==
@@ Line 45: / Line 45: @@
 These methods are ideal for creating very high temperatures. Electric arc furnaces are common for melting steel. Approximately one third of all melting furnaces for crude steel in Europe use the electric arc technology. The technology is also common for melting cast steel, thanks to its low melting times. Electric arc furnaces are also used in stone wool manufacturing, the production of inorganic chemicals, the reduction and pre-reduction of non-ferrous metals, and the production of high-carbon ferro-alloys. Plasma heating is an established technique for reaching very high temperatures in waste incineration plants.
+<br/>
 == Electron Beam Heating ==
@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 Electron beam heating is the least well-known of the electro-heat technologies. Nevertheless, it is a common technique for melting refractory metals with a high melting point. It is also used in the textile industry for starting polymerization reactions, having the advantage that solvent free formulations can be used.
+<br/>
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
 *Application note: Induction heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/induction-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/induction-heating]
 *Application note: Infrared heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating]<br/>
+<br/>
 = References =
@@ Line 67: / Line 69: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Industry]]

@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
 *Application note: Induction heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/induction-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/induction-heating]
 *Application note: Infrared heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating]<br/>
 = References =
 <references />
 [[Category:Industry]]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
-This article provides an overview of the most appropriate applications of industrial electrical heating (electro-heating).
+This article provides an overview of the most appropriate applications of industrial electrical heating (electro-heating).<br/>
 = Main Application Areas of Electro-Heating =
 Each electro-heat technology has specific advantages and specific application domains where these advantages can be fully exploited:
 == Resistance Heating ==
@@ Line 14: / Line 18: @@
 Advantages include a consistent product quality (essential in the food and drinks industry) and uniform energy supply over the volume (essential in metallurgy). It leads to an exact production capacity (essential for some drying processes) and a high degree of modularity (essential in many chemical processes). The fact that it avoids the production of flue gasses is essential in many metallurgical processes to avoid surface oxidation.
 *'''Direct resistance heating – '''This is much less common, but is used frequently in the glass industry. Energy efficiency is much better than with indirect resistance heating. A reduced initial investment cost, compact furnaces, and relatively simple operation are the reasons why the glass industry prefers direct resistance heating over natural gas furnaces.
 == Infrared Heating ==
 This is a widely employed heating technique for surface treatments (heating or drying) and pre-heating purposes. It is frequently used in the food industry for baking and in the metallurgy and textile industries for fixing coatings and drying paint. Its major advantages are the low investment cost of the installation and its high power density, resulting in very compact installations with a high heating rate.
 == Induction Heating ==
@@ Line 24: / Line 32: @@
 It also offers a high power density: it can reach high temperatures at high speed, homogeneously distributed over the work-piece. It’s suitable for automation, and leads to very precise control of heat localization.
 == Dielectric Heating ==
 This is used for materials with proper dielectric characteristics, namely good electrical insulators. Despite its relatively low energy efficiency, it will often be the most energy efficient option for materials with low thermal conductivity, such as rubber and certain plastics. The technology is particularly common in the food and drink industry, where the vacuum environment guarantees a clean workspace, and volumetric heating avoids agglomeration and the overheating of the contact surface. The highly controlled heating is ideal for tempering, thawing, and viscosity control. For the pasteurization and sterilization of food, dielectric heating can ensure that all the volume has passed through the imposed temperature-time curve.
 == Electric Arc and Plasma Heating ==
 These methods are ideal for creating very high temperatures. Electric arc furnaces are common for melting steel. Approximately one third of all melting furnaces for crude steel in Europe use the electric arc technology. The technology is also common for melting cast steel, thanks to its low melting times. Electric arc furnaces are also used in stone wool manufacturing, the production of inorganic chemicals, the reduction and pre-reduction of non-ferrous metals, and the production of high-carbon ferro-alloys. Plasma heating is an established technique for reaching very high temperatures in waste incineration plants.
 == Electron Beam Heating ==
 Electron beam heating is the least well-known of the electro-heat technologies. Nevertheless, it is a common technique for melting refractory metals with a high melting point. It is also used in the textile industry for starting polymerization reactions, having the advantage that solvent free formulations can be used.
 = Further Information =
-Application note: Introduction to industrial electrical heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/introduction-industrial-electrical-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/introduction-industrial-electrical-heating]
+*Application note: Introduction to industrial electrical heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/introduction-industrial-electrical-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/introduction-industrial-electrical-heating]
-Application note: Infrared heating: [http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating http://www.leonardo-energy.org/good-practice-guide/infrared-heating]<br/>
+= References =
 [[Category:Heating]]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Each electro-heat technology has specific advantages and specific application domains where these advantages can be fully exploited:
-== '''Resistance heating ''' ==
+== Resistance heating  ==
 *'''Indirect resistance heating''' – Its energy efficiency is often rather poor, but indirect resistance heating can still be cost-effective by making use of special electricity tariffs at periods of low demand (e.g. at night), and by optimizing the geometrical position and by heat recuperation.
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 *'''Direct resistance heating – '''This is much less common, but is used frequently in the glass industry. Energy efficiency is much better than with indirect resistance heating. A reduced initial investment cost, compact furnaces, and relatively simple operation are the reasons why the glass industry prefers direct resistance heating over natural gas furnaces.
-== '''Infrared heating''' ==
+== Infrared heating ==
 This is a widely employed heating technique for surface treatments (heating or drying) and pre-heating purposes. It is frequently used in the food industry for baking and in the metallurgy and textile industries for fixing coatings and drying paint. Its major advantages are the low investment cost of the installation and its high power density, resulting in very compact installations with a high heating rate.
-== '''Induction heating''' ==
+== Induction heating ==
 This is mainly used as a melting technique for non-ferrous alloys. It is intrinsically more efficient than a gas oven, since it generates heat directly inside the material. It is also intrinsically more efficient than infrared for heating metal strips, since there is no reflection loss involved. In reality, this high efficiency is only achieved if certain measures are taken: a reduction of the stray fields, sufficient cooling, a good coupling between the inductor and the work-piece, and operation at optimal frequency.
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 It also offers a high power density: it can reach high temperatures at high speed, homogeneously distributed over the work-piece. It’s suitable for automation, and leads to very precise control of heat localization.
-== '''Dielectric heating''' ==
+== Dielectric heating ==
 This is used for materials with proper dielectric characteristics, namely good electrical insulators. Despite its relatively low energy efficiency, it will often be the most energy efficient option for materials with low thermal conductivity, such as rubber and certain plastics. The technology is particularly common in the food and drink industry, where the vacuum environment guarantees a clean workspace, and volumetric heating avoids agglomeration and the overheating of the contact surface. The highly controlled heating is ideal for tempering, thawing, and viscosity control. For the pasteurization and sterilization of food, dielectric heating can ensure that all the volume has passed through the imposed temperature-time curve.
-== '''Electric arc and plasma heating''' ==
+== Electric arc and plasma heating ==
 These methods are ideal for creating very high temperatures. Electric arc furnaces are common for melting steel. Approximately one third of all melting furnaces for crude steel in Europe use the electric arc technology. The technology is also common for melting cast steel, thanks to its low melting times. Electric arc furnaces are also used in stone wool manufacturing, the production of inorganic chemicals, the reduction and pre-reduction of non-ferrous metals, and the production of high-carbon ferro-alloys. Plasma heating is an established technique for reaching very high temperatures in waste incineration plants.
-== '''Electron beam heating''' ==
+== Electron beam heating ==
-−
 = Further information =