Micro Hydro - Operation and Maintenance - Revision history

Lisafeldmann at 11:38, 11 June 2015

2015-06-11T11:38:37Z

Lisafeldmann at 11:37, 11 June 2015

2015-06-11T11:37:37Z

Wiki Gardener at 11:02, 11 February 2015

2015-02-11T11:02:29Z

Wiki Gardener: Wiki Gardener moved page Operation and Maintenance to Micro Hydro - Operation and Maintenance without leaving a redirect

2015-02-11T10:59:47Z

Wiki Gardener moved page Operation and Maintenance to Micro Hydro - Operation and Maintenance without leaving a redirect

Wiki Gardener at 10:51, 11 February 2015

2015-02-11T10:51:10Z

Wiki Gardener at 10:50, 11 February 2015

2015-02-11T10:50:51Z

Ranisha at 12:13, 19 August 2014

2014-08-19T12:13:40Z

Ranisha at 09:04, 14 August 2014

2014-08-14T09:04:02Z

Ranisha: /* Further reading: */

2014-07-31T13:45:06Z

‎Further reading:

Ranisha at 13:43, 31 July 2014

2014-07-31T13:43:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:38, 11 June 2015
Line 33:		Line 33:
	<references />		<references />

−	~~[[Category:Operation_and_Maintenance]]~~
−	~~[[Category:Micro_Hydro]]~~
	[[Category:Hydro]]		[[Category:Hydro]]
		+	[[Category:Micro_Hydro]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Overview =
 [[Portal:Hydro|Micro hydro]] '''operation and maintenance (O+M)''' procedures must be planned and put into action in the initial stages of any scheme to prevent breakdowns and reduced power outputs. The failure to use O+M procedures will result in financial problems and loss of confidence in the value of micro-hydro. The design engineer, the equipment installers and the users of the scheme, all have important parts to play in the O+M of micro-hydro schemes. Ongoing '''operation, maintenance, and surveillance (OMS)''' are required to keep a plant running smoothly. However, OMS should not be considered only after building a micro hydro facility. It should be considered in choosing a site, designing the facility and when looking for financing. Sites that are remote or have poor access will have greater servicing costs. Facility design can greatly influence ongoing OMS costs including surveillance requirements and replacement and repair costs. Consideration should also be given to the availability of spare parts and the possible purchase of spare parts in advance. In financing the project the annual OMS costs need to be factored into the overall project cash flow. Thus, OMS should be thought of continually throughout the development of the micro hydro project.
-<br/>
+[[Portal:Hydro|Micro hydro]] '''operation and maintenance (O+M)''' procedures must be planned and put into action in the initial stages of any scheme to prevent breakdowns and reduced power outputs. The failure to use O+M procedures will result in financial problems and loss of confidence in the value of micro-hydro. The design engineer, the equipment installers and the users of the scheme, all have important parts to play in the O+M of micro-hydro schemes. Ongoing '''operation, maintenance, and surveillance (OMS)''' are required to keep a plant running smoothly. However, OMS should not be considered only after building a micro hydro facility. It should be considered in choosing a site, designing the facility and when looking for financing. Sites that are remote or have poor access will have greater servicing costs. Facility design can greatly influence ongoing OMS costs including surveillance requirements and replacement and repair costs. Consideration should also be given to the availability of spare parts and the possible purchase of spare parts in advance. In financing the project the annual OMS costs need to be factored into the overall project cash flow. Thus, OMS should be thought of continually throughout the development of the micro hydro project.<br/>
 = Design Considerations =
 It is essential that the long-term OMS costs be considered during the design of a micro hydro facility. For instance, it may be initially cheaper to buy and use uncoated steel pipe rather than a pipe coated for corrosion protection. Once the maintenance costs (the cost of replacing or field coating steel pipes to deal with corrosion), operating costs (increased friction and reduced energy with uncoated pipe), and expected life span are considered it may be cheaper to purchase coated steel pipe. This type of lifetime and reliability analysis should be considered carefully in all aspects of the design – it could save a lot of time and money.<br/>The ease with which maintenance can be performed should also be considered during the design phase of a micro hydro facility. For example, equipment that requires regular maintenance should be located in a place that is easily accessible, and not located in a confined space. Also, if any equipment may need to be removed for maintenance during its lifetime, the means of achieving such a task should be considered. For instance, if any part of the generator needs to be removed for replacement, repairs, or upgrades - is there an economical way of doing it? Is there a hoist or crane capable of moving all the pieces of the generator? Can the roof of the building be removed easily for external crane access? By meticulously thinking through all the possible OMS scenarios that may occur, a lot of time and money can be saved over the life of the project.<br/>
-<br/>
+It is essential that the long-term OMS costs be considered during the design of a micro hydro facility. For instance, it may be initially cheaper to buy and use uncoated steel pipe rather than a pipe coated for corrosion protection. Once the maintenance costs (the cost of replacing or field coating steel pipes to deal with corrosion), operating costs (increased friction and reduced energy with uncoated pipe), and expected life span are considered it may be cheaper to purchase coated steel pipe. This type of lifetime and reliability analysis should be considered carefully in all aspects of the design – it could save a lot of time and money.<br/>The ease with which maintenance can be performed should also be considered during the design phase of a micro hydro facility. For example, equipment that requires regular maintenance should be located in a place that is easily accessible, and not located in a confined space. Also, if any equipment may need to be removed for maintenance during its lifetime, the means of achieving such a task should be considered. For instance, if any part of the generator needs to be removed for replacement, repairs, or upgrades - is there an economical way of doing it? Is there a hoist or crane capable of moving all the pieces of the generator? Can the roof of the building be removed easily for external crane access? By meticulously thinking through all the possible OMS scenarios that may occur, a lot of time and money can be saved over the life of the project.<br/><br/>
 = Managing "Operation, Maintenance, and Surveillance (OMS)" =
 Even for the smallest micro hydro installations, a plan that ensures the consistent operation, maintenance, and surveillance of the facility is useful, if not necessary. To accomplish consistency in OMS, plans and procedures should be developed. <u>These plans are typically located in the following documents<ref name="Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf">Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf</ref>:</u><br/>
 *OMS Manual - The OMS Manual contains the operating instructions for the plant. It is written in a language that the operators can easily understand. OMS Manuals ensure consistent error-free operation of the plant.
 *Equipment Manuals - Manufacturers usually provide Equipment Manuals for most equipment (i.e. turbines, hoists, pumps, switches, etc.). The availability and organization of equipment manuals greatly help OMS efficiency. A great deal of time and money can be spent on trying to find out how to do the necessary OMS, when the actual OMS may take little time or money to complete.
@@ Line 13: / Line 17: @@
 *Maintenance Schedule - A Maintenance Schedule outlines when and what maintenance should be done. A schedule should be made according to a specific plant’s equipment OMS needs. It could consist of a checklist that must be signed by a supervisor or a worker once the maintenance has been completed. It could be a schedule developed using specially designed scheduling software.
 *Log Books and OMS Records - Log Books record what OMS has been completed, and what has happened in the day-today operations of the plant. This can help trouble shoot problems regarding the facility’s OMS down the road. If any major work is completed that greatly changes the facility’s design or operation, a record should be kept for future reference. Over time, new operators will be hired and they can benefit from the recorded experience of their predecessors in operating the plants.
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 20: / Line 26: @@
 *[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro Portal on energypedia]]
 *[[:File:Operation and Maintenance of Small Hydro.pdf|Operation and Maintenance of Small Hydro]] (pdf)<br/>
 <br/>
 = References =
 <references />
 [[Category:Operation_and_Maintenance]]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 = Overview =
 [[Portal:Hydro|Micro hydro]] '''operation and maintenance (O+M)''' procedures must be planned and put into action in the initial stages of any scheme to prevent breakdowns and reduced power outputs. The failure to use O+M procedures will result in financial problems and loss of confidence in the value of micro-hydro. The design engineer, the equipment installers and the users of the scheme, all have important parts to play in the O+M of micro-hydro schemes. Ongoing '''operation, maintenance, and surveillance (OMS)''' are required to keep a plant running smoothly. However, OMS should not be considered only after building a micro hydro facility. It should be considered in choosing a site, designing the facility and when looking for financing. Sites that are remote or have poor access will have greater servicing costs. Facility design can greatly influence ongoing OMS costs including surveillance requirements and replacement and repair costs. Consideration should also be given to the availability of spare parts and the possible purchase of spare parts in advance. In financing the project the annual OMS costs need to be factored into the overall project cash flow. Thus, OMS should be thought of continually throughout the development of the micro hydro project.
+<br/>
-−
 = Design Considerations =
 It is essential that the long-term OMS costs be considered during the design of a micro hydro facility. For instance, it may be initially cheaper to buy and use uncoated steel pipe rather than a pipe coated for corrosion protection. Once the maintenance costs (the cost of replacing or field coating steel pipes to deal with corrosion), operating costs (increased friction and reduced energy with uncoated pipe), and expected life span are considered it may be cheaper to purchase coated steel pipe. This type of lifetime and reliability analysis should be considered carefully in all aspects of the design – it could save a lot of time and money.<br/>The ease with which maintenance can be performed should also be considered during the design phase of a micro hydro facility. For example, equipment that requires regular maintenance should be located in a place that is easily accessible, and not located in a confined space. Also, if any equipment may need to be removed for maintenance during its lifetime, the means of achieving such a task should be considered. For instance, if any part of the generator needs to be removed for replacement, repairs, or upgrades - is there an economical way of doing it? Is there a hoist or crane capable of moving all the pieces of the generator? Can the roof of the building be removed easily for external crane access? By meticulously thinking through all the possible OMS scenarios that may occur, a lot of time and money can be saved over the life of the project.<br/>
+<br/>
-−
 = Managing "Operation, Maintenance, and Surveillance (OMS)" =
 Even for the smallest micro hydro installations, a plan that ensures the consistent operation, maintenance, and surveillance of the facility is useful, if not necessary. To accomplish consistency in OMS, plans and procedures should be developed. <u>These plans are typically located in the following documents<ref name="Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf">Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf</ref>:</u><br/>
@@ Line 16: / Line 14: @@
 *Log Books and OMS Records - Log Books record what OMS has been completed, and what has happened in the day-today operations of the plant. This can help trouble shoot problems regarding the facility’s OMS down the road. If any major work is completed that greatly changes the facility’s design or operation, a record should be kept for future reference. Over time, new operators will be hired and they can benefit from the recorded experience of their predecessors in operating the plants.
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 23: / Line 20: @@
 *[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro Portal on energypedia]]
 *[[:File:Operation and Maintenance of Small Hydro.pdf|Operation and Maintenance of Small Hydro]] (pdf)<br/>
+<br/>
-−
 = References =
 <references />
 [[Category:Hydro]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Overview =
-[[Portal:Hydro|Micro hydro]] '''operation and maintenance (O+M)''' procedures must be planned and put into action in the initial stages of any scheme to prevent breakdowns and reduced power outputs. The failure to use O+M procedures will result in financial problems and loss of confidence in the value of micro-hydro. The design engineer, the equipment installers and the users of the scheme, all have important parts to play in the O+M of micro-hydro schemes.
+[[Portal:Hydro|Micro hydro]] '''operation and maintenance (O+M)''' procedures must be planned and put into action in the initial stages of any scheme to prevent breakdowns and reduced power outputs. The failure to use O+M procedures will result in financial problems and loss of confidence in the value of micro-hydro. The design engineer, the equipment installers and the users of the scheme, all have important parts to play in the O+M of micro-hydro schemes. Ongoing '''operation, maintenance, and surveillance (OMS)''' are required to keep a plant running smoothly. However, OMS should not be considered only after building a micro hydro facility. It should be considered in choosing a site, designing the facility and when looking for financing. Sites that are remote or have poor access will have greater servicing costs. Facility design can greatly influence ongoing OMS costs including surveillance requirements and replacement and repair costs. Consideration should also be given to the availability of spare parts and the possible purchase of spare parts in advance. In financing the project the annual OMS costs need to be factored into the overall project cash flow. Thus, OMS should be thought of continually throughout the development of the micro hydro project.
 Ongoing '''operation, maintenance, and surveillance (OMS)''' are required to keep a plant running smoothly. However, OMS should not be considered only after building a micro hydro facility. It should be considered in choosing a site, designing the facility and when looking for financing. Sites that are remote or have poor access will have greater servicing costs. Facility design can greatly influence ongoing OMS costs including surveillance requirements and replacement and repair costs. Consideration should also be given to the availability of spare parts and the possible purchase of spare parts in advance. In financing the project the annual OMS costs need to be factored into the overall project cash flow. Thus, OMS should be thought of continually throughout the development of the micro hydro project.
 = Design Considerations =
 It is essential that the long-term OMS costs be considered during the design of a micro hydro facility. For instance, it may be initially cheaper to buy and use uncoated steel pipe rather than a pipe coated for corrosion protection. Once the maintenance costs (the cost of replacing or field coating steel pipes to deal with corrosion), operating costs (increased friction and reduced energy with uncoated pipe), and expected life span are considered it may be cheaper to purchase coated steel pipe. This type of lifetime and reliability analysis should be considered carefully in all aspects of the design – it could save a lot of time and money.<br/>The ease with which maintenance can be performed should also be considered during the design phase of a micro hydro facility. For example, equipment that requires regular maintenance should be located in a place that is easily accessible, and not located in a confined space. Also, if any equipment may need to be removed for maintenance during its lifetime, the means of achieving such a task should be considered. For instance, if any part of the generator needs to be removed for replacement, repairs, or upgrades - is there an economical way of doing it? Is there a hoist or crane capable of moving all the pieces of the generator? Can the roof of the building be removed easily for external crane access? By meticulously thinking through all the possible OMS scenarios that may occur, a lot of time and money can be saved over the life of the project.<br/>
 = Managing "Operation, Maintenance, and Surveillance (OMS)" =
-Even for the smallest micro hydro installations, a plan that ensures the consistent operation, maintenance, and surveillance of the facility is useful, if not necessary. To accomplish consistency in OMS, plans and procedures should be developed.
+Even for the smallest micro hydro installations, a plan that ensures the consistent operation, maintenance, and surveillance of the facility is useful, if not necessary. To accomplish consistency in OMS, plans and procedures should be developed. <u>These plans are typically located in the following documents<ref name="Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf">Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf</ref>:</u><br/>
-<u></u>
 <u>These plans are typically located in the following documents<ref name="Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf">Handbook for developing micro-hydro in British Columbia (2004)- https://energypedia.info/wiki/File:Handbook_for_developing_micro-hydro_in_british_columbia.pdf</ref>:</u><br/>
 *OMS Manual - The OMS Manual contains the operating instructions for the plant. It is written in a language that the operators can easily understand. OMS Manuals ensure consistent error-free operation of the plant.
 *Equipment Manuals - Manufacturers usually provide Equipment Manuals for most equipment (i.e. turbines, hoists, pumps, switches, etc.). The availability and organization of equipment manuals greatly help OMS efficiency. A great deal of time and money can be spent on trying to find out how to do the necessary OMS, when the actual OMS may take little time or money to complete.
@@ Line 17: / Line 16: @@
 *Log Books and OMS Records - Log Books record what OMS has been completed, and what has happened in the day-today operations of the plant. This can help trouble shoot problems regarding the facility’s OMS down the road. If any major work is completed that greatly changes the facility’s design or operation, a record should be kept for future reference. Over time, new operators will be hired and they can benefit from the recorded experience of their predecessors in operating the plants.
 <br/>
-= Further Information: =
 *[http://www.amazon.com/Micro-Hydro-Design-Manual-Small-Scale-Schemes/dp/1853391034 Micro-hydro design manual: A guide to small-scale water power schemes] by Adam Harvey, Allen Inversin, Andy Brown, Priyantha Hettiarachi (1993)<br/>
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 *[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro Portal on energypedia]]
 *[[:File:Operation and Maintenance of Small Hydro.pdf|Operation and Maintenance of Small Hydro]] (pdf)<br/>
 = References =

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-= Introduction =
+= Overview =
+[[Portal:Hydro|Micro hydro]] '''operation and maintenance (O+M)''' procedures must be planned and put into action in the initial stages of any scheme to prevent breakdowns and reduced power outputs. The failure to use O+M procedures will result in financial problems and loss of confidence in the value of micro-hydro. The design engineer, the equipment installers and the users of the scheme, all have important parts to play in the O+M of micro-hydro schemes.
-Micro hydro operation and maintenance (O+M) procedures must be planned and put into action in the initial stages of any scheme to prevent breakdowns and reduced power outputs. The failure to use O+M procedures will result in financial problems and loss of confidence in the value of micro-hydro. The design engineer, the equipment installers and the users of the scheme, all have important parts to play in the O+M of micro-hydro schemes.
+Ongoing '''operation, maintenance, and surveillance (OMS)''' are required to keep a plant running smoothly. However, OMS should not be considered only after building a micro hydro facility. It should be considered in choosing a site, designing the facility and when looking for financing. Sites that are remote or have poor access will have greater servicing costs. Facility design can greatly influence ongoing OMS costs including surveillance requirements and replacement and repair costs. Consideration should also be given to the availability of spare parts and the possible purchase of spare parts in advance. In financing the project the annual OMS costs need to be factored into the overall project cash flow. Thus, OMS should be thought of continually throughout the development of the micro hydro project.
-−
 Ongoing operation, maintenance, and surveillance (OMS) are required to keep a plant running smoothly. However, OMS should not be considered only after building a micro hydro facility. It should be considered in choosing a site, designing the facility and when looking for financing. Sites that are remote or have poor access will have greater servicing costs. Facility design can greatly influence ongoing OMS costs including surveillance requirements and replacement and repair costs. Consideration should also be given to the availability of spare parts and the possible purchase of spare parts in advance. In financing the project the annual OMS costs need to be factored into the overall project cash flow. Thus, OMS should be thought of continually throughout the development of the micro hydro project.
-−
-= Design considerations =
 It is essential that the long-term OMS costs be considered during the design of a micro hydro facility. For instance, it may be initially cheaper to buy and use uncoated steel pipe rather than a pipe coated for corrosion protection. Once the maintenance costs (the cost of replacing or field coating steel pipes to deal with corrosion), operating costs (increased friction and reduced energy with uncoated pipe), and expected life span are considered it may be cheaper to purchase coated steel pipe. This type of lifetime and reliability analysis should be considered carefully in all aspects of the design – it could save a lot of time and money.<br/>The ease with which maintenance can be performed should also be considered during the design phase of a micro hydro facility. For example, equipment that requires regular maintenance should be located in a place that is easily accessible, and not located in a confined space. Also, if any equipment may need to be removed for maintenance during its lifetime, the means of achieving such a task should be considered. For instance, if any part of the generator needs to be removed for replacement, repairs, or upgrades - is there an economical way of doing it? Is there a hoist or crane capable of moving all the pieces of the generator? Can the roof of the building be removed easily for external crane access? By meticulously thinking through all the possible OMS scenarios that may occur, a lot of time and money can be saved over the life of the project.<br/>
-= Managing OMS =
+= Managing "Operation, Maintenance, and Surveillance (OMS)" =
 Even for the smallest micro hydro installations, a plan that ensures the consistent operation, maintenance, and surveillance of the facility is useful, if not necessary. To accomplish consistency in OMS, plans and procedures should be developed.
-Even for the smallest micro hydro installations, a plan that ensures the consistent operation, maintenance, and surveillance of the facility is useful, if not necessary. To accomplish consistency in OMS, plans and procedures should be developed. These plans are typically located in the following documents:<br/>
+<u></u>
 *OMS Manual - The OMS Manual contains the operating instructions for the plant. It is written in a language that the operators can easily understand. OMS Manuals ensure consistent error-free operation of the plant.
 *Equipment Manuals - Manufacturers usually provide Equipment Manuals for most equipment (i.e. turbines, hoists, pumps, switches, etc.). The availability and organization of equipment manuals greatly help OMS efficiency. A great deal of time and money can be spent on trying to find out how to do the necessary OMS, when the actual OMS may take little time or money to complete.
@@ Line 19: / Line 16: @@
 *Maintenance Schedule - A Maintenance Schedule outlines when and what maintenance should be done. A schedule should be made according to a specific plant’s equipment OMS needs. It could consist of a checklist that must be signed by a supervisor or a worker once the maintenance has been completed. It could be a schedule developed using specially designed scheduling software.
 *Log Books and OMS Records - Log Books record what OMS has been completed, and what has happened in the day-today operations of the plant. This can help trouble shoot problems regarding the facility’s OMS down the road. If any major work is completed that greatly changes the facility’s design or operation, a record should be kept for future reference. Over time, new operators will be hired and they can benefit from the recorded experience of their predecessors in operating the plants.
 <br/>
-= Further reading: =
+= References =
+<references />
-*''[http://www.amazon.com/Micro-Hydro-Design-Manual-Small-Scale-Schemes/dp/1853391034 Micro-hydro design manual: A guide to small-scale water power schemes]'' by Adam Harvey, Allen Inversin, Andy Brown, Priyantha Hettiarachi (1993)<br/>
-*[[Design of Micro-Hydro Funding Facility and Community Mobilization Support|Design of Micro-Hydro Funding Facility and Community Mobilization Support]]<br/>
-*[[Portal:Hydro|Portal:hydro]]
-*[[:File:Operation_and_Maintenance_of_Small_Hydro.pdf|Operation and Maintenance of Small Hydro]]<br/>
 [[Category:Hydro]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:04, 14 August 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	[[Portal:Hydro\|►Back to Hydro Portal]]

	= Introduction =		= Introduction =