Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Result Chains - Revision history

Wiki Gardener at 13:52, 19 January 2015

2015-01-19T13:52:02Z

Katharina Wiedemann: Katharina Wiedemann moved page MDGs and Result Chains to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Result Chains without leaving a redirect

2014-09-22T17:10:09Z

Katharina Wiedemann moved page MDGs and Result Chains to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Result Chains without leaving a redirect

Katharina Wiedemann at 17:09, 22 September 2014

2014-09-22T17:09:08Z

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Ranisha at 08:06, 8 July 2014

2014-07-08T08:06:51Z

Katharina Wiedemann at 14:08, 9 August 2013

2013-08-09T14:08:33Z

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Özlem Yasemin Taskin at 13:58, 9 August 2013

2013-08-09T13:58:20Z

Özlem Yasemin Taskin: /* Result Chains */

2013-08-09T13:56:10Z

‎Result Chains

Özlem Yasemin Taskin: /* Result Chains */

2013-08-09T13:50:31Z

‎Result Chains

Özlem Yasemin Taskin: /* Overview */

2013-08-07T14:09:58Z

‎Overview

Özlem Yasemin Taskin: /* Result Chains */

2013-08-07T14:09:35Z

‎Result Chains

Show changes

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 {| border="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"
-|- style="text-align: center;  font-weight: bold;  background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192)"
+|- style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192)"
-| style="width: 62px;  height: 26px" | Impact Chain
+| style="width: 62px; height: 26px" | Impact Chain
 | style="width: 307px" | Criteria<br/>
 |-
-| style="height: 13px;  font-weight: bold" rowspan="4" | Output
+| style="height: 13px; font-weight: bold" rowspan="4" | Output
+|
 *Appropriate & viable stove technologies are developed
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 |-
-| style="height: 13px;  font-weight: bold" rowspan="4" | Use of output
+| style="height: 13px; font-weight: bold" rowspan="4" | Use of output
+|
 *Appropriate & viable stove technologies are applied
@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 |-
-| style="height: 26px;  font-weight: bold" rowspan="3" | Outcome (Direct benefits)
+| style="height: 26px; font-weight: bold" rowspan="3" | Outcome (Direct benefits)
+|
 *Improved sustainable access to cooking energy for households, SME and social institutions:
@@ Line 74: / Line 74: @@
 |-
-| style="height: 26px;  font-weight: bold" rowspan="11" | Impact (Indirect benefits)
+| style="height: 26px; font-weight: bold" rowspan="11" | Impact (Indirect benefits)
+|
 *Increased income generation for stove producers and retailers, more jobs and SMEs created
@@ Line 119: / Line 119: @@
 |-
-| style="height: 13px;  font-weight: bold" rowspan="5" | Highly aggregated results
+| style="height: 13px; font-weight: bold" rowspan="5" | Highly aggregated results
+|
 *Reduction of extreme poverty
@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
 {| border="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"
-|- valign="bottom" style="text-align: center;  font-weight: bold;  background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192)"
+|- valign="bottom" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(192, 192, 192)"
-| style="width: 62px;  height: 26px" | Impact Chain
+| style="width: 62px; height: 26px" | Impact Chain
 | style="width: 307px" | Criteria<br/>
 |- valign="bottom"
-| style="height: 13px;  font-weight: bold" rowspan="3" | Output
+| style="height: 13px; font-weight: bold" rowspan="3" | Output
+|
 *Institutions / organisations are qualified
@@ Line 165: / Line 165: @@
 |-
-| style="height: 26px;  font-weight: bold;  vertical-align: bottom" rowspan="3" | Use of output
+| style="height: 26px; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom" rowspan="3" | Use of output
 | style="vertical-align: bottom" |
 *Qualified institutions / organisations work more efficiently and offer innovative products and services
@@ Line 178: / Line 178: @@
 |-
-| style="height: 26px;  font-weight: bold;  vertical-align: bottom" rowspan="2" | Outcome (Direct benefits)
+| style="height: 26px; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom" rowspan="2" | Outcome (Direct benefits)
 | style="vertical-align: bottom" |
 *Improved sustainable access to electricity for households, SME and social institutions
@@ Line 187: / Line 187: @@
 |- valign="bottom"
-| style="height: 13px;  font-weight: bold" rowspan="21" | Impact (Indirect benefits)
+| style="height: 13px; font-weight: bold" rowspan="21" | Impact (Indirect benefits)
 | style="text-decoration: underline" | Electricity for Households:
 |-
-| style="text-decoration: none;  vertical-align: bottom" |
+| style="text-decoration: none; vertical-align: bottom" |
 *Increased income through household production facilitated by improved working conditions
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 | style="text-decoration: underline" | Electricity for Social Infrastructure:
 |-
-| style="text-decoration: none;  vertical-align: bottom" |
+| style="text-decoration: none; vertical-align: bottom" |
 *Improved health services (medical infrastructure)
@@ Line 246: / Line 246: @@
 | style="text-decoration: underline" | Electricity for SME & Agriculture:
 |-
-| style="text-decoration: none;  vertical-align: bottom" |
+| style="text-decoration: none; vertical-align: bottom" |
 *Increased number / higher productivity of SME
@@ Line 260: / Line 260: @@
 | style="vertical-align: bottom" |
 |-
-| style="height: 13px;  font-weight: bold;  vertical-align: bottom" rowspan="5" | Highly aggregated results
+| style="height: 13px; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom" rowspan="5" | Highly aggregated results
 | style="vertical-align: bottom" |
 *Reduction of extreme poverty
@@ Line 288: / Line 288: @@
 Monitoring of <u>output</u>, <u>use of output</u> and <u>direct benefits</u> (outcomes) are part of the existing project monitoring; biannual each EnDev project provides a monitoring report with the no. of people provided with access to a modern form of energy (direct benefit / outcome). Monitoring the <u>indirect benefits</u> (impacts) and <u>highly aggregated results</u> (MDG level) in the impact chains should be part of a regular impact assessment. Therefore, the EnDev projects should select a set of applicable indicators to be monitored on a regular basis through case studies or surveys. If needed, the EnDev team in Eschborn will provide additional support. The following paragraphs and tables present some options for indicators. For reasons of comparison and potential further analysis of data (e.g. cost-benefit-analysis) it is highly recommendable to include certain essential indicators (marked in the tables) for every EnDev Impact-Assessment.
---> [[Indicator rural electrification and stoves|Full list Indicators "What to meassure" and "How to meassure"]]
+--> [[Indicator Rural Electrification and Stoves|Full list Indicators "What to meassure" and "How to meassure"]]
-−
 = Further Information<br/> =
@@ Line 297: / Line 297: @@
 *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy Wikipedia: Renewable energy]
+<br/>
 = References<br/> =
@@ Line 311: / Line 311: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Millennium_Development_Goals_(MDGs)]]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 = Overview =
 The impacts of the energy projects implemented under Energising Development generate changes in the areas where the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are set (see table [[Energy and the MDGs|importance of energy for achieving the MDGs]]). Impact monitoring makes changes apparent. Such changes are the result of a combined influence of the society's own internal mechanisms of development, and external political, economic and environmental factors, one of which may be a development programme or project. It is quite difficult to tell which factor caused which change, and it is hardly possible to isolate the project's impact from any other influence. Still, impact monitoring is important, because it is a process of learning about relationships. To be more effective and realistic, decisions and project activities should be reviewed from time to time and be adapted to the changing situation. Furthermore, by conducting impact assessments on a regular basis, the mid to long-term sustainability of results and impacts can be monitored.
-−
-−
-−
 = Result Chains =
@@ Line 13: / Line 10: @@
 A results chain sets out a logical pattern of how successive and conditional inputs, activities, and outputs that an intervention can directly affect, could lead to more distant outcomes and impacts.
-Figure 1 An exemplary results chain
+Figure 1 An exemplary results chain<br/>[[File:Wirkungskette.png|671px]]
-−
-−
 Development projects and programmes are resourced through German and partner '''inputs''', such as materials, equipment, staff and funds. Using these inputs, the projects launch '''activities '''such as advisory services, trainings, funding, or accompanying measures (e.g. awareness and marketing campaigns). Due to these activities '''outputs''' are generated, which might occur as qualified institutions/organisations, availability of sufficient financial resources of partner organisations or supporting measures in place. These outputs are then utilised by target groups or intermediaries '''(use of outputs)''', e.g. leading to efficient processes and improved services of institutions/organisations or the use of funds for improving energy infrastructure. This use of output is further generating medium-term and long-term development results such as '''outcomes '''(e.g. improved access to electricity for rural households)and '''impacts '''(e.g. increased household income, reduced workload for women).
@@ Line 285: / Line 280: @@
 |}
 = Monitoring and impact assessment =
@@ Line 304: / Line 300: @@
 *GTZ – Measuring Successes and Setbacks. How to Monitor and Evaluate Household Energy Projects. 1996.
 *GTZ – Results-based Monitoring. Guidelines for Technical Cooperation Projects and Programmes, May 2004
-*OECD/DAC –&nbsp;<u>[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/21/2754804.pdf%20Glossary http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/21/2754804.pdf Glossary] of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management</u> 2002.
+*OECD/DAC – <u>[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/21/2754804.pdf Glossary http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/21/2754804.pdf Glossary] of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management</u> 2002.
 *UNDP - <u>[http://www.undp.org/energy/docs2/ENRG-MDG_Guide_all.pdf http://www.undp.org/energy/docs2/ENRG-MDG_Guide_all.pdf] Energizing the Millennium Development Goals</u>, August 2005
-*UN Energy - <u>[http://www.undp.org/energy/docs2/UN-ENRG%20paper.pdfThe http://www.undp.org/energy/docs2/UN-ENRG%20paper.pdfThe] energy challenge for achieving the Millennium Development Goals&lt;/a&gt;</u>”, July 2005<u>[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTENERGY/Resources/EnergyWorkingNotes_4.pdf http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTENERGY/Resources/EnergyWorkingNotes_4.pdf] Energy and Poverty: Myths, Links, and Policy Issues</u> (272k pdf). Energy Working Notes No. 4, by Jamal Saghir. May 2005.&nbsp;
+*UN Energy - <u>[http://www.undp.org/energy/docs2/UN-ENRG paper.pdfThe http://www.undp.org/energy/docs2/UN-ENRG paper.pdfThe] energy challenge for achieving the Millennium Development Goals&lt;/a&gt;</u>”, July 2005<u>[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTENERGY/Resources/EnergyWorkingNotes_4.pdf http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTENERGY/Resources/EnergyWorkingNotes_4.pdf] Energy and Poverty: Myths, Links, and Policy Issues</u> (272k pdf). Energy Working Notes No. 4, by Jamal Saghir. May 2005.
 <references />
 [[Category:Impacts]]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 The impacts of the energy projects implemented under Energising Development generate changes in the areas where the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are set (see table [[Energy and the MDGs|importance of energy for achieving the MDGs]]). Impact monitoring makes changes apparent. Such changes are the result of a combined influence of the society's own internal mechanisms of development, and external political, economic and environmental factors, one of which may be a development programme or project. It is quite difficult to tell which factor caused which change, and it is hardly possible to isolate the project's impact from any other influence. Still, impact monitoring is important, because it is a process of learning about relationships. To be more effective and realistic, decisions and project activities should be reviewed from time to time and be adapted to the changing situation. Furthermore, by conducting impact assessments on a regular basis, the mid to long-term sustainability of results and impacts can be monitored.
@@ Line 14: / Line 15: @@
 Figure 1 An exemplary results chain
-[[File:Wirkungskette.jpg|873px|alt=Wirkungskette.jpg]]
 Development projects and programmes are resourced through German and partner '''inputs''', such as materials, equipment, staff and funds. Using these inputs, the projects launch '''activities '''such as advisory services, trainings, funding, or accompanying measures (e.g. awareness and marketing campaigns). Due to these activities '''outputs''' are generated, which might occur as qualified institutions/organisations, availability of sufficient financial resources of partner organisations or supporting measures in place. These outputs are then utilised by target groups or intermediaries '''(use of outputs)''', e.g. leading to efficient processes and improved services of institutions/organisations or the use of funds for improving energy infrastructure. This use of output is further generating medium-term and long-term development results such as '''outcomes '''(e.g. improved access to electricity for rural households)and '''impacts '''(e.g. increased household income, reduced workload for women).

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 The impacts of the energy projects implemented under Energising Development generate changes in the areas where the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are set (see table [[Energy and the MDGs|importance of energy for achieving the MDGs]]). Impact monitoring makes changes apparent. Such changes are the result of a combined influence of the society's own internal mechanisms of development, and external political, economic and environmental factors, one of which may be a development programme or project. It is quite difficult to tell which factor caused which change, and it is hardly possible to isolate the project's impact from any other influence. Still, impact monitoring is important, because it is a process of learning about relationships. To be more effective and realistic, decisions and project activities should be reviewed from time to time and be adapted to the changing situation. Furthermore, by conducting impact assessments on a regular basis, the mid to long-term sustainability of results and impacts can be monitored.
 = Result Chains =
 The actual difficulties of assessing development results and impacts lie in the “attribution”, i.e. in the classification of a highly-aggregated development progress for individual projects. This means that the greater the distance from the individual intervention to the spheres where the changes take place, the more difficult it becomes to assign causal relationships to development results.
 A results chain sets out a logical pattern of how successive and conditional inputs, activities, and outputs that an intervention can directly affect, could lead to more distant outcomes and impacts.
-Figure
+Figure 1 An exemplary results chain
 Development projects and programmes are resourced through German and partner '''inputs''', such as materials, equipment, staff and funds. Using these inputs, the projects launch '''activities '''such as advisory services, trainings, funding, or accompanying measures (e.g. awareness and marketing campaigns). Due to these activities '''outputs''' are generated, which might occur as qualified institutions/organisations, availability of sufficient financial resources of partner organisations or supporting measures in place. These outputs are then utilised by target groups or intermediaries '''(use of outputs)''', e.g. leading to efficient processes and improved services of institutions/organisations or the use of funds for improving energy infrastructure. This use of output is further generating medium-term and long-term development results such as '''outcomes '''(e.g. improved access to electricity for rural households)and '''impacts '''(e.g. increased household income, reduced workload for women).
 Up to the level of “use of outputs”, attribution is relatively easy in most cases. However, as we climb up to the levels of “outcomes” and “impacts” external factors that cannot be influenced by projects and programmes become increasingly important. The attribution gap widens up to an extent where the observed changes cannot be directly related to project outputs any more. Up to the level where a causal relationship between outputs and observed development changes can be shown, projects are entitled to claim the observed positive development changes as a “direct benefit” or “outcome”. The project or programme objective is set at this level of the result chain. Often, however, the actual reason for launching operations in a sector or country is to achieve results beyond that level, and these can usually be influenced only indirectly by the project/programme. In general, it is not possible to identify a causal relationship explaining how these “indirect benefits” came about, as too many actors are involved to clearly isolate the effect of a single intervention. Nonetheless, highly aggregated development results (for instance progress made towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals) need to be kept in view. Even though comprehensive ''attribution ''is not possible, EnDev projects should provide plausible hypotheses on the project’s ''''contributions' '''to overarching development results. The following tables show the typical impact chain for projects regarding “Energy for cooking” and “Rural Electrification”.
 == <br/>Impact Chain for the Project type: Energy for cooking ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:09, 7 August 2013
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−	~~= Overview<br/> =~~
−
−	The impacts of the energy projects implemented under Energising Development generate changes in the areas where the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are set (see table [[Energy_and_the_MDGs\|importance of energy for achieving the MDGs]]). Impact monitoring makes changes apparent. Such changes are the result of a combined influence of the society's own internal mechanisms of development, and external political, economic and environmental factors, one of which may be a development programme or project. It is quite difficult to tell which factor caused which change, and it is hardly possible to isolate the project's impact from any other influence. Still, impact monitoring is important, because it is a process of learning about relationships. To be more effective and realistic, decisions and project activities should be reviewed from time to time and be adapted to the changing situation. Furthermore, by conducting impact assessments on a regular basis, the mid to long-term sustainability of results and impacts can be monitored.

		+	= Overview =

		+	The impacts of the energy projects implemented under Energising Development generate changes in the areas where the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are set (see table [[Energy and the MDGs\|importance of energy for achieving the MDGs]]). Impact monitoring makes changes apparent. Such changes are the result of a combined influence of the society's own internal mechanisms of development, and external political, economic and environmental factors, one of which may be a development programme or project. It is quite difficult to tell which factor caused which change, and it is hardly possible to isolate the project's impact from any other influence. Still, impact monitoring is important, because it is a process of learning about relationships. To be more effective and realistic, decisions and project activities should be reviewed from time to time and be adapted to the changing situation. Furthermore, by conducting impact assessments on a regular basis, the mid to long-term sustainability of results and impacts can be monitored.