Productive End Use of PicoPV - Revision history

Ranisha: /* Further Information */

2018-10-09T11:28:46Z

‎Further Information

Ranisha at 11:17, 9 October 2018

2018-10-09T11:17:41Z

Ranisha: /* Overview */

2018-10-09T11:13:00Z

‎Overview

Ranisha at 11:08, 9 October 2018

2018-10-09T11:08:33Z

Ranisha: /* Longer Working Hours */

2018-10-09T11:00:10Z

‎Longer Working Hours

Ranisha: /* Introduction */

2018-10-09T10:40:06Z

‎Introduction

Ranisha: /* Longer Working Hours */

2018-10-09T10:36:03Z

‎Longer Working Hours

Ranisha: /* Longer Working Hours */

2018-10-09T10:26:38Z

‎Longer Working Hours

Ranisha: /* Longer Working Hours */

2018-10-09T10:25:28Z

‎Longer Working Hours

Ranisha: /* Longer Working Hours */

2018-10-09T10:08:09Z

‎Longer Working Hours

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 *[[PicoPV for Mobile Charging|PicoPV for Mobile Charging]]<br/>
 *[[:Category:PicoPV|All articles on picoPV on energypedia]]<br/>
 = Reference =

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-= Overview =
+= Overview<br/> =
 [[Productive Use of Electricity|Productive End Use (PEU) of energy]] refers to activities that increase income or productivity in different sectors such as agriculture (e.g. irrigation, grain milling), manufacturing (e.g. carpentry, welding, and sewing), and the service sector (e.g. restaurants using electric lights, sound systems, refrigerators, mobile charging stations).<ref name="“Mini-Grid Webinar Series - Energypedia.info,” accessed July 7, 2017, https://energypedia.info/wiki/Mini-grid_Webinar_Series#3rd_Webinar:_Productive_End_Use.">“Mini-Grid Webinar Series - Energypedia.info,” accessed July 7, 2017, https://energypedia.info/wiki/Mini-grid_Webinar_Series#3rd_Webinar:_Productive_End_Use.</ref>
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 For a list of all picoPV products, click here: [[PicoPV Database|PicoPV Database on energypedia]]
 = Direct Productive Use of PicoPV: Mobile Charging =
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 For more information, see: [[PicoPV for Mobile Charging|PicoPV for mobile charging]].
 = Indirect Productive Uses of PicoPV =
 PicoPV products themselves might not directly result in many productive activities as they have a small capacity to run appliances but they might indirectly help to promote productive end use activities.&nbsp;
 == Longer Working Hours&nbsp; ==
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 An average kerosene light has a illuminance output of 20 while a picoPV kit ranges from 110, therefore resulting in brighter light. A picoPV kit replaces on average 1.6 kerosene lamps. This results in safer work place and also reduces the indoor air pollution cauesed by kerosene lamps.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>
 == Switch from Kerosene and candles ==
-[[File:Types of fuel.png|border|right|400pxpx|alt=Types of fuel.png]] According to this GOGLA study, kerosene is the primary source of fuel before purchasing picoPV kit.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>&nbsp;By using picoPV products, people save on expenses on kerosene and candles. Assuming that a picoPV product has a three year life cycle, a household can save up to 86% of their previous energy expenses for kerosene and mobile charging. The saved amount can then be invested in activities that will help to generate additional income. The government will also save the money that they spend on kerosene subsidies and those savings can be used for other productive activities.<ref name="↑ UNEP/GEF, United Nations Environment Programme and Global Environment Facility, “Developing Effective Off-Grid Lighting Policy,” 2015, http://www.enlighten-initiative.org/portals/0/documents/Resources/publications/Guidance%20note%20OGL_en.lighten_English_2016-01-08.pdf.">↑ UNEP/GEF, United Nations Environment Programme and Global Environment Facility, “Developing Effective Off-Grid Lighting Policy,” 2015, http://www.enlighten-initiative.org/portals/0/documents/Resources/publications/Guidance%20note%20OGL_en.lighten_English_2016-01-08.pdf.</ref><br/>
+[[File:Types of fuel.png|border|right|400px|alt=Types of fuel.png]] According to this GOGLA study, kerosene is the primary source of fuel before purchasing picoPV kit.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>&nbsp;By using picoPV products, people save on expenses on kerosene and candles. Assuming that a picoPV product has a three year life cycle, a household can save up to 86% of their previous energy expenses for kerosene and mobile charging. The saved amount can then be invested in activities that will help to generate additional income. The government will also save the money that they spend on kerosene subsidies and those savings can be used for other productive activities.<ref name="↑ UNEP/GEF, United Nations Environment Programme and Global Environment Facility, “Developing Effective Off-Grid Lighting Policy,” 2015, http://www.enlighten-initiative.org/portals/0/documents/Resources/publications/Guidance%20note%20OGL_en.lighten_English_2016-01-08.pdf.">↑ UNEP/GEF, United Nations Environment Programme and Global Environment Facility, “Developing Effective Off-Grid Lighting Policy,” 2015, http://www.enlighten-initiative.org/portals/0/documents/Resources/publications/Guidance%20note%20OGL_en.lighten_English_2016-01-08.pdf.</ref><br/>
-== Others ==
+== Other Uses ==
 *Pico PV helps to power recreational devices such as TV and radio, which helps to attract customers and increase the sale of products.
 *<br/>
 = Challenges for Productive Use of PicoPV =
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 *Using the picoPV system for productive use reduces the lighting duration which is the primary reason for buying the PicoPV system.
 *The market is flooded with generic bad quality products. This has reduced people’s trust on the picoPV products and thus stringent lab and field test are required to set a benchmark for the products.
 = Conclusion/Recommendations for Further Research =
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 = Further Information =
-*[[PicoPV_for_Mobile_Charging|PicoPV for Mobile Charging]]<br/>
+*[[PicoPV for Mobile Charging|PicoPV for Mobile Charging]]<br/>
 *[[:Category:PicoPV|All articles on picoPV on energypedia]]<br/>
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 <references />
 [[Category:PicoPV]]

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 = Overview =
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 Most of the studies on picoPV have so far focused only on the lighting aspect as it is the primary demand of the rural consumers. In a recent survey by GOGLA in 2018, 70% voted lightining as the main factor for buying the picoPV kit.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>However, the rural consumers want more than basic lighting and picoPV products can cater to this need by providing additional services such as mobile phone charging and running small entertainment devices like radios and television.<ref name="Michael Grimm, Peters Jörg, and Maximiliane Sievert, “Impacts of Pico-PV Systems Usage Using a Randomized Controlled Trial and Qualitative Methods” (RWI, 2013), 1, https://english.iob-evaluatie.nl/binaries/iob-evaluatie-eng/documents/publications/2014/08/01/396---impacts-of-pico-pv-systems-usage/396-impacts-of-pico-pv-systems-usage.pdf.">Michael Grimm, Peters Jörg, and Maximiliane Sievert, “Impacts of Pico-PV Systems Usage Using a Randomized Controlled Trial and Qualitative Methods” (RWI, 2013), 1, https://english.iob-evaluatie.nl/binaries/iob-evaluatie-eng/documents/publications/2014/08/01/396---impacts-of-pico-pv-systems-usage/396-impacts-of-pico-pv-systems-usage.pdf.</ref> This point was already noted in a GIZ study in 2010 but since then no study has been conducted to further assess the productive use of picoPV. Also the existing studies on productive use have mainly focused on Solar Home Systems (SHS) or solar based mini-grids as these systems have a higher capacity to power appliances as compared to picoPV.<ref name="GIZ, “What Difference Can a PicoPV System Make? Early Findings on Small Photovoltaic Systems - an Emerging Lowcost Energy Technology for Developing Countries,” 2010, 15, https://energypedia.info/images/3/3b/Gtz_picopv_booklet.pdf.">GIZ, “What Difference Can a PicoPV System Make? Early Findings on Small Photovoltaic Systems - an Emerging Lowcost Energy Technology for Developing Countries,” 2010, 15, https://energypedia.info/images/3/3b/Gtz_picopv_booklet.pdf.</ref>
-PicoPV are an affordable and easily deployable solution (although of small capacity) for providing energy access to the rural population.Combining energy access with productive use could help to boost the intake of the picoPV products as well as promote economic activity in the targeted area. According to this study, 28% of the interviewed customers used the picoPV for &nbsp;business or income generating activities.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref><br/>
+[[File:Additional income from PV.png|thumb|300px|Fig 1: Additional income from picoPV]] PicoPV are an affordable and easily deployable solution (although of small capacity) for providing energy access to the rural population.Combining energy access with productive use could help to boost the intake of the picoPV products as well as promote economic activity in the targeted area. According to this study, 28% of the interviewed customers used the picoPV for &nbsp;business or income generating activities. They also generated on average USD 1587 income.&nbsp;<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref><br/>
 Hence, this article looks into the different uses of picoPV and the challenges for using picoPV for productive activities.<ref name="“Features of PicoPV Systems - Energypedia.info,” accessed July 7, 2017, https://energypedia.info/wiki/Features_of_PicoPV_Systems.">“Features of PicoPV Systems - Energypedia.info,” accessed July 7, 2017, https://energypedia.info/wiki/Features_of_PicoPV_Systems.</ref>

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+= Overview =
-−
-−
-−
-= Introduction =
 [[Productive Use of Electricity|Productive End Use (PEU) of energy]] refers to activities that increase income or productivity in different sectors such as agriculture (e.g. irrigation, grain milling), manufacturing (e.g. carpentry, welding, and sewing), and the service sector (e.g. restaurants using electric lights, sound systems, refrigerators, mobile charging stations).<ref name="“Mini-Grid Webinar Series - Energypedia.info,” accessed July 7, 2017, https://energypedia.info/wiki/Mini-grid_Webinar_Series#3rd_Webinar:_Productive_End_Use.">“Mini-Grid Webinar Series - Energypedia.info,” accessed July 7, 2017, https://energypedia.info/wiki/Mini-grid_Webinar_Series#3rd_Webinar:_Productive_End_Use.</ref>
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 <references />
 [[Category:Solar]]

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 PicoPV products themselves might not directly result in many productive activities as they have a small capacity to run appliances but they might indirectly help to promote productive end use activities.&nbsp;
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 == Longer Working Hours&nbsp; ==
-PicoPV increases the time for income generation activities by task shifting i.e with more productive hours in the day, people can choose to do different tasks at different times. Better quality light is available for longer time at night which enable the businesses to run longer, resulting in higher income. For example, food stalls can run at night and increase their sale.<br/>
+PicoPV increases the time for income generation activities by task shifting i.e with more productive hours in the day, people can choose to do different tasks at different times. Better quality light is available for longer time at night which enable the businesses to run longer, resulting in higher income. For example, food stalls can run at night and increase their sale.<br/>Also, the people can also increase their productive hours by spending less time on travelling to purchase kerosene, batteries or to charge their phone and having a phone which is charged more often.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>
 According to a recent survey from Solar Aid (2015), 98% of pico-solar light users reported positives effect of pico-solar lights on their business and also on how their customers interacted with their business.<ref name="GIZ, “What Difference Can a PicoPV System Make? Early Findings on Small Photovoltaic Systems - an Emerging Lowcost Energy Technology for Developing Countries,” 6.">GIZ, “What Difference Can a PicoPV System Make? Early Findings on Small Photovoltaic Systems - an Emerging Lowcost Energy Technology for Developing Countries,” 6.</ref><ref name="Kat Harrison, Andrew Scott, and Ryan Hogarth, “Accelerating Access to Electricity in Africa with off-Grid Solar - The Impact of Solar Household Solutions,” 11, accessed July 31, 2017, https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/10229.pdf.">Kat Harrison, Andrew Scott, and Ryan Hogarth, “Accelerating Access to Electricity in Africa with off-Grid Solar - The Impact of Solar Household Solutions,” 11, accessed July 31, 2017, https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/10229.pdf.</ref>&nbsp;This report from GOGLA includes survey results from among&nbsp;2,300 new off-grid solar users in Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. It shows for 51% households, at least one member was able to spend more time at work.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>
 An average kerosene light has a illuminance output of 20 while a picoPV kit ranges from 110, therefore resulting in brighter light. A picoPV kit replaces on average 1.6 kerosene lamps. This results in safer work place and also reduces the indoor air pollution cauesed by kerosene lamps.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>

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 PicoPV products themselves might not directly result in many productive activities as they have a small capacity to run appliances but they might indirectly help to promote productive end use activities.&nbsp;
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 According to a recent survey from Solar Aid (2015), 98% of pico-solar light users reported positives effect of pico-solar lights on their business and also on how their customers interacted with their business.<ref name="GIZ, “What Difference Can a PicoPV System Make? Early Findings on Small Photovoltaic Systems - an Emerging Lowcost Energy Technology for Developing Countries,” 6.">GIZ, “What Difference Can a PicoPV System Make? Early Findings on Small Photovoltaic Systems - an Emerging Lowcost Energy Technology for Developing Countries,” 6.</ref><ref name="Kat Harrison, Andrew Scott, and Ryan Hogarth, “Accelerating Access to Electricity in Africa with off-Grid Solar - The Impact of Solar Household Solutions,” 11, accessed July 31, 2017, https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/10229.pdf.">Kat Harrison, Andrew Scott, and Ryan Hogarth, “Accelerating Access to Electricity in Africa with off-Grid Solar - The Impact of Solar Household Solutions,” 11, accessed July 31, 2017, https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/10229.pdf.</ref>&nbsp;This report from GOGLA includes survey results from among&nbsp;2,300 new off-grid solar users in Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. It shows that 44% of the survey respondents were flexible and could spend more time on their work due to the off-grid appliances.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>
-An average kerosene light has a illuminance output of 20 while a picoPV kit ranges from 110, therefore resulting in brighter light. A picoPV kit replaces on average 1.6 kerosene lamps.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>
+An average kerosene light has a illuminance output of 20 while a picoPV kit ranges from 110, therefore resulting in brighter light. A picoPV kit replaces on average 1.6 kerosene lamps. This results in safer work place and also reduces the indoor air pollution cauesed by kerosene lamps.<ref name="Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].">Powering Opportunity: The Economic Impact of Off-Grid Solar | GOGLA.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gogla.org/powering-opportunity-the-economic-impact-of-off-grid-solar. [Accessed: 09-Oct-2018].</ref>
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