Social Implications of Load Management - Revision history

Ranisha at 12:06, 5 August 2016

2016-08-05T12:06:45Z

Ranisha at 10:27, 22 January 2016

2016-01-22T10:27:57Z

Lisafeldmann at 14:26, 8 April 2015

2015-04-08T14:26:02Z

Wiki Gardener: /* Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand */

2014-11-06T14:43:11Z

‎Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand

Wiki Gardener at 14:39, 6 November 2014

2014-11-06T14:39:34Z

Wiki Gardener at 14:38, 6 November 2014

2014-11-06T14:38:21Z

Katharina Wiedemann at 12:35, 25 September 2014

2014-09-25T12:35:47Z

Ranisha at 09:57, 14 August 2014

2014-08-14T09:57:39Z

Ranisha at 12:24, 30 July 2014

2014-07-30T12:24:31Z

Ranisha at 11:44, 18 July 2014

2014-07-18T11:44:34Z

@@ Line 78: / Line 78: @@
 = Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand<br/> =
-*sensitising consumers/ awareness raising (e.g. by energy-savign bulbs, promotion of productive end use, etc.)
+*sensitising consumers/ awareness raising (e.g. by energy-saving bulbs, promotion of productive end use, etc.)
 *creating special [[Feed-in_Tariffs_(FIT)|tariff system]], e.g. combined with installation of current limiters
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 104: / Line 95: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Electricity]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
@@ Line 105: / Line 104: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Electricity]]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
-[[Electrical-Mechanical Equipment#Load control:|Load management]] is the process of balancing the supply of electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load rather than the power station output. This can be achieved by direct intervention of the utility in real time or by time clocks, or by using special tariffs to influence consumer behavior.<ref name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management</ref><br/>
+[[Electrical-Mechanical_Equipment#Load_control:|Load management]] is the process of balancing the supply of electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load rather than the power station output. This can be achieved by direct intervention of the utility in real time or by time clocks, or by using special tariffs to influence consumer behavior.<ref name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management</ref><br/>
 = <br/>Definition of the Problem<br/> =
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 <u>This has two main disadvantages:</u><br/>
-*[[Wind Turbine Technology|Turbine]], generator, controller, transmission cable are designed for the load peak but used only partly (efficiency loss).
 *Temporary shortage of electricity may occur if the load peak reaches a plants capacity. This may create customer dissatisfaction.
 *During times of low demand, the power from the hydro is only partially utilised, available energy is not used. This reduces the benefits to the recipients and the overall cost-effectiveness of a scheme.<br/>
@@ Line 40: / Line 41: @@
 <u>Why demand forecast:</u>
 *planning and sizing of MHP components<br/>
 *ideally electricity production covers the demand at any time,
@@ Line 48: / Line 50: @@
 <u>Forecast should be made for all user groups:</u>
 *domestic consumption (no. of households and wattage of connection)<br/>
 *social infrastructure: pumping drinking water, schools, street lighting, health centers, mosques, churches, etc.<br/>
@@ Line 62: / Line 65: @@
 <u>If available power in an existing scheme is exceeded:</u>
 *introduce a tariff which encourages energy saving (e.g. pay per watt => energy efficiency lamps)
 *reduce connections / load; check for "illegal" connections<br/>
@@ Line 69: / Line 73: @@
 <br/><u>How to Make a Forecast</u>:<br/>
-[[File:How to make a forecast.jpg|thumb|left|453px|How to make a forecast|alt=How to make a forecast.jpg]]<br/>
+[[File:How to make a forecast.jpg|thumb|left|453px|How to make a forecast.jpg]]<br/>
 = Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand<br/> =
@@ Line 79: / Line 84: @@
 <br/>
 = Load Forecast Modell =
-The Modell was developed in [[Ethiopia Energy Situation|Ethiopia]], please check with [[Energising Development (EnDev)|EnDev]] Ethioipa (Bart-Jan) if it can be distributed.
+The Modell was developed in [[Ethiopia_Energy_Situation|Ethiopia]], please check with [[Energising_Development_(EnDev)|EnDev]] Ethioipa (Bart-Jan) if it can be distributed.
 <br/>
@@ Line 91: / Line 97: @@
 *[[Portal:Grid|Grid Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
 *[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
-*[[Hydro Battery Charging Station|Hydro Battery Charging Station]]<br/>
+*[[Hydro_Battery_Charging_Station|Hydro Battery Charging Station]]<br/>
 <br/>
@@ Line 99: / Line 105: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Load_Management]]

@@ Line 70: / Line 70: @@
 [[File:How to make a forecast.jpg|thumb|left|453px|How to make a forecast|alt=How to make a forecast.jpg]]<br/>
 = Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand<br/> =
 *sensitising consumers/ awareness raising (e.g. by energy-savign bulbs, promotion of productive end use, etc.)
-*creating special [[Costs and Tariff Setting|tariff system]], e.g. combined with installation of current limiters
+*creating special [[Feed-in_Tariffs_(FIT)|tariff system]], e.g. combined with installation of current limiters
 <br/>
 = Load Forecast Modell =

@@ Line 67: / Line 67: @@
 *introduce strict load management (overloading a mhp rarely occurs from lighting alone)
-== <br/>How to Make a Forecast<br/> ==
+<br/><u>How to Make a Forecast</u>:<br/>
-[[File:How to make a forecast.jpg|thumb|center|407px|How to make a forecast|alt=How to make a forecast.jpg]]<br/>
+[[File:How to make a forecast.jpg|thumb|left|453px|How to make a forecast|alt=How to make a forecast.jpg]]<br/>
 = Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand<br/> =
@@ Line 97: / Line 97: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Electricity]]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
-[[Electrical-Mechanical_Equipment#Load_control:|Load management]] is the process of balancing the supply of electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load rather than the power station output. This can be achieved by direct intervention of the utility in real time or by time clocks, or by using special tariffs to influence consumer behavior.<ref name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management</ref><br/>
+[[Electrical-Mechanical Equipment#Load control:|Load management]] is the process of balancing the supply of electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load rather than the power station output. This can be achieved by direct intervention of the utility in real time or by time clocks, or by using special tariffs to influence consumer behavior.<ref name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Load management</ref><br/>
 = <br/>Definition of the Problem<br/> =
 Stand-alone hydropower schemes are isolated [[Portal:Grid|grids]]. Those are often characterised by low average energy demand but high load peaks. As smaller a grid becomes as stronger such fluctuations appear. This is particularly the case with community electrification schemes in developing countries where average demand can be as low as 15 to 20% of the peak demand.<br/>
 <u>This has two main disadvantages:</u><br/>
@@ Line 40: / Line 42: @@
 Why demand forecast?
-*planning and sizing of mhp components<br/>
+*planning and sizing of MHP components<br/>
 *ideally electricity production covers the demand at any time,
 *precautions in case of insufficient hydropower potential (load management, demand side management, back-up solutions)
 *revenues depend on electricity consumption
 Forecast should be made for all user groups:
 *domestic consumption (no. of households and wattage of connection)<br/>
 *social infrastructure: pumping drinking water, schools, street lighting, health centers, mosques, churches, etc.<br/>
 *productive use (milling and other agricultural processing, kiosks, welding and carpentry workshops, battery charging, sewing, etc.)
+*Usually demand grows over time.
 Usually demand grows over time.
 *new households will be connected and new appliances used (radio, TV, ...)
 *power cuts due to overload may disrupt a community based management or payment moral
@@ Line 58: / Line 61: @@
 The available upper level of available power is defined by site conditions. Sizing of an mhp is also a question of available financial resources.
 If available power in an existing scheme is exceeded
 *introduce a tariff which encourages energy saving (e.g. pay per watt => energy efficiency lamps)
 *reduce connections / load; check for "illegal" connections<br/>
@@ Line 70: / Line 75: @@
 <br/>
-= Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand:<br/> =
+= Load and Demand Side Management by Reducing Peaks and/or Demand<br/> =
 *sensitising consumers/ awareness raising (e.g. by energy-savign bulbs, promotion of productive end use, etc.)
@@ Line 79: / Line 84: @@
 = Load Forecast Modell =
-The Modell was developed in Ethiopia, please check with EnDev Ethioipa (Bart-Jan) if it can be distributed.
+The Modell was developed in [[Ethiopia_Energy_Situation|Ethiopia]], please check with [[Energising_Development_(EnDev)|EnDev]] Ethioipa (Bart-Jan) if it can be distributed.
 <br/>
@@ Line 86: / Line 91: @@
 *[http://www.worldcat.org/title/improving-efficiency-and-accessibility-of-micro-hydro-power-through-intelligent-load-management/oclc/123796287 Improving Efficiency and Accessibility of Micro-Hydro Power Through Intelligent Load Management] (case study from Uganda)
-*[[Portal:Grid|Portal:Grid]]<br/>
+*[[Portal:Grid|Grid Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
-*[[Portal:Hydro|Portal:Hydro]]<br/>
+*[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
 *[[Hydro Battery Charging Station|Hydro Battery Charging Station]]<br/>
@@ Line 96: / Line 101: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Electricity]]

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 = <br/>Definition of the Problem<br/> =
-Stand-alone hydropower schemes are isolated grids. Those are often characterised by low average energy demand but high load peaks. As smaller a grid becomes as stronger such fluctuations appear. This is particularly the case with community electrification schemes in developing countries where average demand can be as low as 15 to 20% of the peak demand. <u></u><br/>
+Stand-alone hydropower schemes are isolated [[Portal:Grid|grids]]. Those are often characterised by low average energy demand but high load peaks. As smaller a grid becomes as stronger such fluctuations appear. This is particularly the case with community electrification schemes in developing countries where average demand can be as low as 15 to 20% of the peak demand.<br/>
 <u>This has two main disadvantages:</u><br/>
-*Turbine, generator, controller, transmission cable are designed for the load peak but used only partly (efficiency loss).
+*[[Wind_Turbine_Technology|Turbine]], generator, controller, transmission cable are designed for the load peak but used only partly (efficiency loss).
 *Temporary shortage of electricity may occur if the load peak reaches a plants capacity. This may create customer dissatisfaction.
 *During times of low demand, the power from the hydro is only partially utilised, available energy is not used. This reduces the benefits to the recipients and the overall cost-effectiveness of a scheme.<br/>
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 Power demand and possibilities of productive end use is to be accessed during feasibility studies. The primary use of micro-hydropower in the rural context of the country is usually for household lighting. In order to optimise the use and financial viability of the micro-hydropower plant, the installed capacity should be governed by household demand.
 Productive usage of electricity ideally complement the lighting use. Machinery that can be operated during the non - lighting hours, increases efficiency. The total capacity of productive uses under operation should be limited to the installed capacity, which is governed by the lighting demand. However, other approaches to sizing the plant capacity may also be proposed, provided that the financial viability can be demonstrated
 Usually demand grows over time. New households will be connected and new appliances used (radio, TV, stoves...). The available upper level of available power is defined by site conditions. Sizing of an mhp is also a question of available financial resources.
 To access the power requirements, the number of beneficiary households and their average power demand is to be determined. This is optimally done in discussions with the community. Make clear that more power in household connections will increase the price (= higher tariffs). Identify and encourage productive usage of electricity. Check marketability and feasibility of potential ideas. Thus may create additional income to the community. Identify time periods of potential machinery used. The prospective entrepreneurs willing to install the various end uses should be identified at the feasibility stage in detail.
@@ Line 27: / Line 33: @@
 If the local mhp potential is not fully required at this time, a site can be built for later extension.
+<br/>
 = Forecast and Management of Load and Demand =
@@ Line 58: / Line 64: @@
 == <br/>How to Make a Forecast<br/> ==
-[[File:How to make a forecast.jpg|thumb|center|350px]]<br/>
+[[File:How to make a forecast.jpg|thumb|center|350px|alt=How to make a forecast.jpg]]<br/>
 <br/>
@@ Line 78: / Line 84: @@
 *[http://www.berr.gov.uk/files/file37656.pdf Improving Efficiency and Accessibility of Micro-Hydro Power Through Intelligent Load Management] (case study from Uganda)
+<br/>
 = References =
@@ Line 85: / Line 93: @@
 <references />
-[[Category:Electricity]]
+[[Category:Load_Management]]
 [[Category:Hydro]]
-[[Category:Load Management]]
+[[Category:Electricity]]