Planning Guide for Biogas Plants

Revision as of 15:12, 23 March 2009

This guide to planning is intended to serve agricultural extension officers as a comprehensive tool for arriving at decisions concerning the suitability of locations for family-sized biogas plants. The detailed planning outline has a data column for entering the gathered information and a rating column for noting the results of evaluation.

Evaluation criteria are:

+ Siting condition are favorable
o Siting condition are unfavorable, but: a) compensable by project activities; b) not serious enough to cause ultimate failure
- Siting condition are not satisfactory

Despite its detailed nature, this planning guide is only a framework within which the extension officer should proceed to conduct a careful investigation and give due consideration, however subjectively, to the individual conditions in order to arrive at a locally practical solution. By no means is this planning guide intended to relieve the agricultural extension officer of the responsibility to thoroughly familiarize himself with the on-the-spot situation and to judge the overall value of a given location on the basis of the knowledge thus gained.

Detailed planning guide for biogas plants

Initial situation

Data

Rating

Addresses/project characterization

Plant acronym:
Address of operator/customer:
Place/region/country:
Indigenous proj. org./executing org.:
Extension officer/advisor:

General user data

Household structure and number of persons:
User's economic situation:
Crops: types, areas, manner of cultivation:
Non-agricultural activity:
Household/farm income:
Cultural and social characteristics of user:

Problems leading to the "biogas approach"

Energy-supply bottlenecks:
Workload for prior source of energy:
Poor soil structure/yields:
Erosion/deforestation:
Poor hygiene and other factors:

Objectives of the measure "biogas plant"

User interests:
Project interests:
Other interests:

1. Natural / Agricultural conditions

	Data	Rating
Natural conditions Mean annual temperature: Seasonal fluctuations: Diurnal variation: Rating:		- o +
Subsoil Type of soil: Groundwater table, potable water catchment area: Rating:		- o +
Water conditions Climatic zone: Annual precipitation: Dry season (months): Distance to source of water: Rating:		- o +
Livestock inventory (useful for biogas production) Animals: kind and quantity: Type of stable: Use of dung: Persons responsible for animals: Rating:		- o +
Vegetable waste (useful for biogas production) Types and quantities: Prior use: Rating:		- o +
Fertilization Customary types and quantities of fertilizer/areas fertilized: Organic fertilizer familiar/in use: Rating:		- o +
Potential sites for biogas plant Combined stable/biogas plant possible: Distance between biogas plant and livestock stable: Distance between biogas plant and place of gas consumption: Rating:		- o +
Overall rating 1		- o +

Balancing the energy demand with the biogas production

Data

Rating

Prior energy supply

Uses, source of energy, consumption:

Anticipated biogas demand (kwh/day or l/d): for cooking:; for lighting:; for cooling:; for engines:
Total gas demand: a) percentage that must be provided by the biogas plant:; b) desired demand coverage:

Available biomass (kg/d) and potential gas production (l/d)

from animal husbandry: pigs:; poultry:; cattle:
Night soil
Vegetable waste (quantities and potential gas yield): 1.; 2.
Totals: biomass and potential gas production; a) easy to procure:; b) less easy to procure:

Balancing

Gas production clearly greater than gas demand
-> positive rating (+)

Gas demand larger than gas production
-> negative rating (-); but review of results in order regarding:

a) possible reduction of gas demand by the following measures
->

b) possible increase in biogas production by the following measures
->

If the measures take hold:
-> qualified positive rating for the plant location (o)

If the measures do not take hold:
-> site rating remains negative (-)

Overall rating 2

- o +

Plant Design and Construction

Data

Rating

Selection of plant design

Locally customary type of plant:
Arguments in favor of floating-drum plant:
Arguments in favor of fixe-dome plant:
Arguments in favor of other plant(s):

Type of plant chosen:

Selection of site

Availability of building materials

Bricks/blocks/stone:
Cement:
Metal:
Sand:
Piping/fittings:
Miscellaneous:

Availability of gas appliances

Cookers:
Lamps:
...
...

Overall rating 3

- o +

4. Plant operation / maintenance / repair

	Data	Rating
Assessment of plant operation Incidental work: Work expenditure in h: Persons responsible: Rating with regard to anticipated implementation:		- o +
Plant maintenance Maintenance-intensive components: Maintenance work by user: Maintenance work by external assistance: Rating with regard too anticipated implementation:		- o +
Plant repair Components liable to need repair: Repairs that can be made by the user: Repairs requiring external assistance: Requisite materials and spare parts: Rating with regard to expected repair services:		- o +
Overall rating 4		- o +

5. Economic analysis

	Data	Rating
Time-expenditure accounting Time saved with biogas plant Time lost due to biogas plant Rating:		- o +
Microeconomic analysis Initial investment: Cost of operation/maintenance/repair: Return on investment: energy, fertilizer, otherwise: Payback time (static): Productiveness (static): Rating:		- o +
Quality factors, useful socioeconomic effects and costs Useful effects: hygiene, autonomous energy, better lighting, better working conditions, prestige: Drawbacks: need to handle night soil, negative social impact: Rating:		- o +
Overall rating 5		- o +

6. Social acceptance and potential for dissemination

	Data	Rating
Anticipated acceptance Participation in planning and construction Integration into agricultural setting: Integration into household: Sociocultural acceptance: Rating:		- o +
Establishing a dissemination strategy Conditions for and chances of the professional-craftsman approach: Conditions for and chances of the self-help oriented approach:		- o + - o +
General conditions for dissemination Project-executing organization and its staffing: orgnaizational structure: interest and prior experience in biogas technology: Regional infrastructure for transportation: communication: material procurement: Craftsman involvement, i.e. which acitivities: minimum qualifications: tools and machines: Training for engineers, craftsman and users: Proprietary capital, subsidy/credit requirement on the part of user: craftsmen: Rating:		- o +
Overall rating 6		- o +

Summarization

Siting conditions

	No.	Rating
Natural/agricultural conditions	1.	- o +
Balancing the energy demand and the biogas production	2.	- o +
Plant design and construction	3.	- o +
Plant operation/maintenance/repair	4.	- o +
Economic analysis	5.	- o +
Social acceptance and potential for dissemination	6.	- o +

Overall rating of siting conditions

- o +

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Planning Guide for Biogas Plants

Revision as of 15:12, 23 March 2009

Contents

Detailed planning guide for biogas plants

Initial situation

1. Natural / Agricultural conditions

Balancing the energy demand with the biogas production

Plant Design and Construction

4. Plant operation / maintenance / repair

5. Economic analysis

6. Social acceptance and potential for dissemination

Summarization

Siting conditions

Overall rating of siting conditions

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 Evaluation criteria are:
 ;'''+''' Siting condition are favorable
 :&nbsp;
 ;'''o''' Siting condition are unfavorable, but
 :a) compensable by project activities
 :b) not serious enough to cause ultimate failure
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 Despite its detailed nature, this planning guide is only a framework within which the extension officer should proceed to conduct a careful investigation and give due consideration, however subjectively, to the individual conditions in order to arrive at a locally practical solution. By no means is this planning guide intended to relieve the agricultural extension officer of the responsibility to thoroughly familiarize himself with the on-the-spot situation and to judge the overall value of a given location on the basis of the knowledge thus gained.
+== Detailed planning guide for biogas plants  ==
+<br>
+=== Initial situation  ===
 {| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
 |-
-| colspan="3" |
-== Detailed planning guide for biogas plants ==
-|- valign="baseline"
 |
-=== 0. Initial situation ===
+| width="400" | Data
-| width="400" | Data
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 '''Objectives of the measure "biogas plant"'''
 User interests: <br> Project interests: <br> Other interests: <br>
 | <br>
 | <br>
-|- valign="baseline"
+|}
-|
-=== 1. Natural / Agricultural conditions ===
-| width="400" | Data
+=== 1. Natural / Agricultural conditions  ===
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
+|-
+|
+| width="400" | Data
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
 | '''Natural conditions '''
 Mean annual temperature: <br> Seasonal fluctuations: <br> Diurnal variation:
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 59: / Line 62: @@
 Type of soil: <br> Groundwater table, potable water catchment area:
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 67: / Line 70: @@
 Climatic zone: <br> Annual precipitation: <br> Dry season (months): <br> Distance to source of water:
 Rating:
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | '''Livestock inventory (useful for biogas production) '''
 Animals: kind and quantity: <br> Type of stable: <br> Use of dung: <br> Persons responsible for animals:
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 83: / Line 86: @@
 Types and quantities: <br> Prior use:
 Rating:
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | '''Fertilization '''
 Customary types and quantities of fertilizer/areas fertilized: <br> Organic fertilizer familiar/in use:
 Rating:
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | '''Potential sites for biogas plant '''
 Combined stable/biogas plant possible: <br> Distance between biogas plant and livestock stable: <br> Distance between biogas plant and place of gas consumption:
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 107: / Line 110: @@
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
+|}
+=== Balancing the energy demand with the biogas production  ===
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
 |-
 |
-=== 2. Balancing the energy demand with the biogas production ===
+| width="400" | Data
-| width="400" | Data
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
@@ Line 122: / Line 128: @@
 :for cooling: <br>
 :for engines:
 ;Total gas demand
 :a) percentage that ''must'' be provided by the biogas plant:
 :b) desired demand coverage:
@@ Line 128: / Line 134: @@
 '''Available biomass (kg/d) and potential gas production (l/d)'''
 ;from animal husbandry
 :pigs:
 :poultry:
 :cattle:
 ;Night soil
 :&nbsp;
 ;Vegetable waste (quantities and potential gas yield)
 :1.
 :2.
-;Totals: biomass and potential gas production
+;Totals
+:biomass and potential gas production
 :a) easy to procure:
 :b) less easy to procure:
@@ Line 153: / Line 160: @@
 If the measures take hold: <br> -&gt; qualified positive rating for the plant location ('''o''')
 If the measures do not take hold: <br> -&gt; site rating remains negative ('''-''')
 | <br>
 | <br>
 |- valign="baseline"
 | '''Overall rating 2'''
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
-|- valign="baseline"
+|}
-|
-=== 3. Plant Design and Construction ===
-| width="400" | Data
+=== Plant Design and Construction  ===
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
+|-
+|
+| width="400" | Data
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
@@ Line 173: / Line 183: @@
 Type of plant chosen:
 '''Selection of site'''
 '''Availability of building materials'''
@@ Line 181: / Line 191: @@
 '''Availability of gas appliances'''
 Cookers: <br> Lamps: <br> &nbsp;... <br> &nbsp;...
 | <br>
 | <br>
 |-
 | '''Overall rating 3'''
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
-|- valign="baseline"
+|}
-|
-=== 4. Plant operation / maintenance / repair ===
-| width="400" | Data
+=== 4. Plant operation / maintenance / repair  ===
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
+|-
+|
+| width="400" | Data
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
@@ Line 199: / Line 212: @@
 Incidental work: <br> Work expenditure in h: <br> Persons responsible:
 Rating with regard to anticipated implementation:
 | <br>
@@ Line 207: / Line 220: @@
 Maintenance-intensive components: <br> Maintenance work by user: <br> Maintenance work by external assistance:
 Rating with regard too anticipated implementation:
 | <br>
@@ Line 215: / Line 228: @@
 Components liable to need repair: <br> Repairs that can be made by the user: <br> Repairs requiring external assistance: <br> Requisite materials and spare parts:
 Rating with regard to expected repair services:
 | <br>
@@ Line 223: / Line 236: @@
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
-|- valign="baseline"
+|}
-|
-=== 5. Economic analysis ===
-| width="400" | Data
+=== 5. Economic analysis  ===
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
+|-
+|
+| width="400" | Data
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
@@ Line 233: / Line 249: @@
 Time saved with biogas plant <br> Time lost due to biogas plant
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 241: / Line 257: @@
 Initial investment: <br> Cost of operation/maintenance/repair: <br> Return on investment: energy, fertilizer, otherwise: <br> Payback time (static): <br> Productiveness (static):
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 249: / Line 265: @@
 Useful effects: hygiene, autonomous energy, better lighting, better working conditions, prestige: <br> Drawbacks: need to handle night soil, negative social impact:
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 257: / Line 273: @@
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
+|}
+=== 6. Social acceptance and potential for dissemination  ===
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
 |-
 |
-=== 6. Social acceptance and potential for dissemination ===
+| width="400" | Data
-| width="400" | Data
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
@@ Line 267: / Line 286: @@
 Participation in planning and construction <br> Integration into agricultural setting: <br> Integration into household: <br> Sociocultural acceptance:
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 273: / Line 292: @@
 |-
 | '''Establishing a dissemination strategy'''
 Conditions for and chances of the professional-craftsman approach: <br> Conditions for and chances of the self-help oriented approach:
 | <br>
@@ Line 289: / Line 308: @@
 Proprietary capital, subsidy/credit requirement on the part of <br> user: <br> craftsmen:
 Rating:
 | <br>
@@ Line 297: / Line 316: @@
 | <br>
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
-|-
+|}
-| colspan="3" |
-=== 7. Summarization ===
-|-
+=== Summarization  ===
-|
-=== Siting conditions ===
+==== Siting conditions  ====
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
+|-
+|
 | width="400" | No.
 | width="20" | Rating
 |-
 | Natural/agricultural conditions
 | 1.
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | Balancing the energy demand and the biogas production
 | 2.
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | Plant design and construction
 | 3.
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | Plant operation/maintenance/repair
 | 4.
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | Economic analysis
 | 5.
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
 |-
 | Social acceptance and potential for dissemination
 | 6.
 | valign="bottom" | '''- o +'''
-|-
+|}
-| colspan="2" |
-=== Overall rating of siting conditions ===
-| '''- o +'''
+==== Overall rating of siting conditions  ====
+{| width="100%" cellpadding="10" border="1"
+|-
+| '''- o +'''
 |}
 <br>
+ [[Biogas| Back to "Biogas Portal"]]
- [[Biogas | Back to "Biogas Portal"]]
+<br>
-<br>
+[[Category:Biogas]]
-[[Category: Biogas]]

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Planning Guide for Biogas Plants

Revision as of 15:12, 23 March 2009

Contents

Detailed planning guide for biogas plants

Initial situation

1. Natural / Agricultural conditions

Balancing the energy demand with the biogas production

Plant Design and Construction

4. Plant operation / maintenance / repair

5. Economic analysis

6. Social acceptance and potential for dissemination

Summarization

Siting conditions

Overall rating of siting conditions