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| | | style="width:126px" | <p style="text-align: center;">Medium<br/></p> | | | style="width:126px" | <p style="text-align: center;">Medium<br/></p> |
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| | = Balloon Plants = | | = Balloon Plants = |
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| − | A balloon plant consists of a heat-sealed plastic or rubber bag (balloon), combining digester and gas-holder. The gas is stored in the upper part of the balloon. The inlet and outlet are attached directly to the skin of the balloon. Gas pressure can be increased by placing weights on the balloon. If the gas pressure exceeds a limit that the balloon can withstand, it may damage the skin. Therefore, safety valves are required. If higher gas pressures are needed, a gas pump is required. Since the material has to be weather- and UV resistant, specially stabilized, reinforced plastic or synthetic <span data-scayt_word="caoutchouc" data-scaytid="10">caoutchouc</span> is given preference. Other materials which have been used successfully include <span data-scayt_word="RMP" data-scaytid="11">RMP</span> (red mud plastic), <span data-scayt_word="Trevira" data-scaytid="12">Trevira</span> and butyl. The useful life-span does usually not exceed 2-5 years.<br/>'''Advantages''': Standardized prefabrication at low cost, low construction sophistication, ease of transportation, shallow installation suitable for use in areas with a high groundwater table; high digester temperatures in warm climates; uncomplicated cleaning, emptying and maintenance; difficult substrates like water hyacinths can be used. Balloon <span data-scayt_word="biogas" data-scaytid="15">biogas</span> plants are recommended, if local repair is or can be made possible and the cost advantage is substantial.<br/>'''Disadvantages''': Low gas pressure may require gas pumps; scum cannot be removed during operation; the plastic balloon has a relatively short useful life-span and is susceptible to mechanical damage and usually not available locally. In addition, local craftsmen are rarely in a position to repair a damaged balloon. There is only little scope for the creation of local employment and, therefore, limited self-help potential.<br/>'''Variations:''' A variation of the balloon plant is the channel-type digester, which is usually covered with plastic sheeting and a sunshade (fig.1-E). Balloon plants can be recommended wherever the balloon skin is not likely to be damaged and where the temperature is even and high.<br/> | + | A balloon plant consists of a heat-sealed plastic or rubber bag (balloon), combining digester and gas-holder. The gas is stored in the upper part of the balloon. The inlet and outlet are attached directly to the skin of the balloon. Gas pressure can be increased by placing weights on the balloon. If the gas pressure exceeds a limit that the balloon can withstand, it may damage the skin. Therefore, safety valves are required. If higher gas pressures are needed, a gas pump is required. Since the material has to be weather- and UV resistant, specially stabilized, reinforced plastic or synthetic <span data-scayt_word="caoutchouc" data-scaytid="10">caoutchouc</span> is given preference. Other materials which have been used successfully include <span data-scayt_word="RMP" data-scaytid="11">RMP</span> (red mud plastic), <span data-scayt_word="Trevira" data-scaytid="12">Trevira</span> and butyl. The useful life-span does usually not exceed 2-5 years.<br/> |
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| | + | <br/>'''Advantages''': <br/> |
| | + | |
| | + | *Standardized prefabrication at low cost, <br/> |
| | + | *low construction sophistication, <br/> |
| | + | *ease of transportation, <br/> |
| | + | *shallow installation suitable for use in areas with a high groundwater table; <br/> |
| | + | *high digester temperatures in warm climates; <br/> |
| | + | *uncomplicated cleaning, <br/> |
| | + | *emptying and maintenance; <br/> |
| | + | *difficult substrates like water hyacinths can be used |
| | + | |
| | + | Balloon <span data-scayt_word="biogas" data-scaytid="15">biogas</span> plants are recommended, if local repair is or can be made possible and the cost advantage is substantial. |
| | + | |
| | + | <br/> |
| | + | |
| | + | '''Disadvantages''': <br/> |
| | + | |
| | + | *Low gas pressure may require gas pumps; <br/> |
| | + | *scum cannot be removed during operation; <br/> |
| | + | *the plastic balloon has a relatively short useful life-span and is susceptible to mechanical damage and usually not available locally. In addition, local craftsmen are rarely in a position to repair a damaged balloon. There is only little scope for the creation of local employment and, therefore, limited self-help potential. |
| | + | <br/> |
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| | + | '''Variations:''' A variation of the balloon plant is the channel-type digester, which is usually covered with plastic sheeting and a sunshade (fig.1-E). Balloon plants can be recommended wherever the balloon skin is not likely to be damaged and where the temperature is even and high.<br/> |
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| − | [[File:Foilplant.jpg|thumb|left|250pxpx|Foil Plant]] | + | [[File:Foilplant.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Foil Plant]] |
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| − | [[File:Plant-types s.gif|thumb|right|300pxpx|Plant types]] | + | [[File:Plant-types s.gif|thumb|right|300px|Plant types]] |
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| − | <br/>
| + | [[#toc|►Go to Top]]<br/> |
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| − | [[Fixed-dome_Biogas_Plants#toc|►Go to Top]]<br/> | + | |
There are different types of small scale biogas digesters. Some of the biogas digesters are summarized below:
A balloon plant consists of a heat-sealed plastic or rubber bag (balloon), combining digester and gas-holder. The gas is stored in the upper part of the balloon. The inlet and outlet are attached directly to the skin of the balloon. Gas pressure can be increased by placing weights on the balloon. If the gas pressure exceeds a limit that the balloon can withstand, it may damage the skin. Therefore, safety valves are required. If higher gas pressures are needed, a gas pump is required. Since the material has to be weather- and UV resistant, specially stabilized, reinforced plastic or synthetic caoutchouc is given preference. Other materials which have been used successfully include RMP (red mud plastic), Trevira and butyl. The useful life-span does usually not exceed 2-5 years.
