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| | *accessibility of affordable equipment (turbines) and installation know how | | *accessibility of affordable equipment (turbines) and installation know how |
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| − | Electricity has a high value so working systems will spread quickly.<br>In many countries self-made solutions can be found, whereby a wooden water wheel is coupled with a car-alternator to produce electricity. Professional solutions increase efficiency reliability and safety.<br> | + | Electricity has a high value so working systems will spread quickly.<br>In many countries self-made solutions can be found, whereby a wooden water wheel is coupled with a car-alternator to produce electricity. Professional solutions increase efficiency reliability and safety.<br> |
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| | === Pico Hydro Turbines === | | === Pico Hydro Turbines === |
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| − | {| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" style="width: 721px; height: 549px;" | + | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" style="width: 721px; height: 549px" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" |
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| − | '''TP100''' was developed 2008 by PT.Entec-Indonesia, to be produced in small workshops<br> | + | '''TP100''' was developed 2008 by PT.Entec-Indonesia, to be produced in small workshops<br> |
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| − | {| width="200" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" | + | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="200" border="0" |
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| | | Power | | | Power |
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| | | 8 - 40 m @ 10 - 25 l/s<br> | | | 8 - 40 m @ 10 - 25 l/s<br> |
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| − | | Cost<br> | + | | Cost<br> |
| | | ~ 700 USD<br> | | | ~ 700 USD<br> |
| | |} | | |} |
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| − | Suitable for 1 - 50 household installations<br> | + | Suitable for 1 - 50 household installations<br> |
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| − | Additional cost*: 500 - 2000 USD<br> | + | Additional cost*: 500 - 2000 USD<br> |
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| − | <sup>*</sup>depending on length of transmission cable<br> | + | <sup>*</sup>depending on length of transmission cable<br> |
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| − | Factsheets on site installations in Indonesia: | + | Factsheets on site installations in Indonesia: |
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| − | [http://energypedia.info/index.php/File:Factsheet_Tp100_Salulombe_small.pdf Salulombe], [http://energypedia.info/index.php/File:Factsheet_Tp100_Garumpar_small.pdf Garumpar] | + | [http://energypedia.info/index.php/File:Factsheet_Tp100_Salulombe_small.pdf Salulombe], [http://energypedia.info/index.php/File:Factsheet_Tp100_Garumpar_small.pdf Garumpar] |
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| − | [[Image:Infobox Tp100.jpg|thumb|right|245x246px|Infobox Tp100.jpg]] | + | [[Image:Infobox Tp100.jpg|thumb|right|245x246px]] |
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| − | '''TC60 (100 W)'''<br> | + | '''TC60 (100 W)'''<br> |
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| | CIT in Bandung, Indonesia developed the "TC60" inspired by Vietnamese/Chinese low cost Open Flume turbine (OF turbine) design. Sales started at the beginning of 2007. With a price less than 300 USD makes TC60 an option for private energy supply for single households. It produces 100 W at site specifications of only 3 m head and a flow < 10 l/s. Total installation cost depend on cable length from turbine to house. (50 USD/ 100 m). | | CIT in Bandung, Indonesia developed the "TC60" inspired by Vietnamese/Chinese low cost Open Flume turbine (OF turbine) design. Sales started at the beginning of 2007. With a price less than 300 USD makes TC60 an option for private energy supply for single households. It produces 100 W at site specifications of only 3 m head and a flow < 10 l/s. Total installation cost depend on cable length from turbine to house. (50 USD/ 100 m). |
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| − | {| width="200" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" | + | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="200" border="0" |
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| | | Power | | | Power |
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| − | Suitable for 1 - 5 households (lighting)<br> | + | Suitable for 1 - 5 households (lighting)<br> |
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| − | Additional cost*: 50 - 200 USD<br> <sup>*</sup>depending on length of transmission cable <br> <br> | + | Additional cost*: 50 - 200 USD<br><sup>*</sup>depending on length of transmission cable <br><br> |
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| − | | [[Image:Infobox TC60.jpg|thumb|right|245x246px|Infobox TC60.jpg]] | + | | [[Image:Infobox TC60.jpg|thumb|right|245x245px]] |
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| − | | <br> | + | | <br> |
| | | <br> | | | <br> |
| | |} | | |} |
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| | <br> | | <br> |
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| − | === Chances and challenges<br> === | + | === Chances and challenges<br> === |
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| − | '''Advantages'''<br> | + | '''Advantages'''<br> |
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| | *Cheapest technical solution for independent power supply. | | *Cheapest technical solution for independent power supply. |
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| | *Small maintenance efforts, which are easy to follow. | | *Small maintenance efforts, which are easy to follow. |
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| − | <br>'''Disadvantages'''<br> | + | <br>'''Disadvantages'''<br> |
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| | *Site specific power output => pre-feasibility check required. | | *Site specific power output => pre-feasibility check required. |
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| | <br>Power output is limited by local conditions of height and amount of water available. Turbines are chosen by site conditions.<br>The following is an example for one specific turbine designed in Indonesia. | | <br>Power output is limited by local conditions of height and amount of water available. Turbines are chosen by site conditions.<br>The following is an example for one specific turbine designed in Indonesia. |
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| − | [[Image:Tp100 application-range.jpg|right|506x306px|Tp100 application-range.jpg]] | + | [[Image:Tp100 application-range.jpg|right|506x293px|Tp100 application-range.jpg]] |
| | + | |
| | + | <u>Explanation:</u><br>The colored lines indicate the power output at certain height/flow situations. The red horizontal line such turbine is technically not feasible, the blue "2 kW" line indicates a tech. maximum (for this specific turbine). The dotted lines separate three areas wherein turbines have certain sizes (30, 60 and 100 mm wide).<br>Example: at a site with 15 m height difference and a flow of 15 l/s the turbine can produce 1.5 kW (it will have a width of 60 mm). If on the same site (15 m) 25 l/s flow, power output will be 1.8 kW.<br> |
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| − | <u>Explanation:</u><br>The colored lines indicate the power output at certain height/flow situations. The red horizontal line such turbine is technically not feasible, the blue "2 kW" line indicates a tech. maximum (for this specific turbine). The dotted lines separate three areas wherein turbines have certain sizes (30, 60 and 100 mm wide).<br>Example: at a site with 15 m height difference and a flow of 15 l/s the turbine can produce 1.5 kW (it will have a width of 60 mm). If on the same site (15 m) 25 l/s flow, power output will be 1.8 kW.<br> | + | <u>Remark: </u><br>to produce the same electric power by [[Photovoltaics|photovoltaic]] you require about 50 m<sup>2</sup> PV-panels (and min. 20 batteries). |
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| − | <u>Remark: </u><br>to produce the same electric power by [[Photovoltaics|photovoltaic]] you require about 50 m<sup>2</sup> PV-panels (and min. 20 batteries).
| + | [[Category:Hydro]] |
Pico hydropower is the only form of small renewable energy production which works continuously without battery storage. Where applicable it is the most cost efficient solution to supply electrical energy. Pico turbines can provide power for small clusters or even single households
Electricity has a high value so working systems will spread quickly.
In many countries self-made solutions can be found, whereby a wooden water wheel is coupled with a car-alternator to produce electricity. Professional solutions increase efficiency reliability and safety.
