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| − | ==== How many people can be supplied? ==== | + | ==== How many people can be supplied? ==== |
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| − | *Available <u>share per household (hh) depends on local hydro potential and type of use</u> (lighting, TV, machinery, ...)
| + | Available <u>share per household (hh) depends on local hydro potential and type of use</u> (lighting, TV, machinery, ...). Calculate no. of required appliances. Energy = power * time. Energy [Watt hours (Wh)]; Power [Watt(W)]; time [hours(h)] |
| − | *Required power for <u>lighting</u> depends on no. and type of lamps used (3 - 5 Watt energy saving lamps are existing)<br> | + | |
| − | *Machinery needs usually several kW (often machinery's power is given in HP (metrical Horsepower) 10 HP = 7.36 kW)<br>A motors starting power can be 50% higher than its regularly stated power. There are technical possibilities to address these (soft start). | + | *Required power for <u>lighting</u> depends on no. and type of lamps used. Fluorescence lamps require so called blind power. It may affect the system if they the only consumers.<br> |
| − | *Electrical heating requires very high power. E.g. has a typical water heater ~ 3 kW. Within an isolated grid, electrical heating / cooking / oven is usually not practicable. Hot water can be produced centrally from the ballast load.<br> | + | *<u>Machinery</u> needs usually several kW (often machinery's power is given in HP (metrical Horsepower) 10 HP = 7.36 kW)<br>A motors starting power can be 50% higher than its regularly stated power. There are technical possibilities to address these (soft start). |
| − | *Electrical cooling is possible. | + | *<u>Electrical heating</u> requires very high power. Within an isolated grid, electrical heating / cooking / oven is usually not practicable. Hot water can be produced centrally from the ballast load. |
| − | *Electrical fan ~ 200 Watt. | + | |
| − | *Radio / DVD ~ 10 W / 2 W | + | ==== What's typical Wattage of appliances? ==== |
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| | + | *Water heater ~ 3-5 kW. |
| | + | *Electric cooler ~ 300 W |
| | + | *Freezer ~ 0.5 - 1kW<br> |
| | + | *Air condition ~ 0.7 - 1 kW<br> |
| | + | *Electrical fan ~ 200 Watt. |
| | + | *Radio / DVD ~ 10 W / 25 W<br> |
| | + | *TV 50 -150 W (depending on type and size |
| | + | *Bulb (CFL) ~ 3 - 10 W; conventional bulbs ~ 25 - 40 W each |
| | + | *Standby power for VCR / DVD / Stabilizer / satellite dish receivers / TV - ranges around 5 - 15 W each |
| | + | *Electric drill ~ 300 W |
| | *Water pump ~ 1 kW | | *Water pump ~ 1 kW |
| − | *TV 50 -150 W (depending on type and size)
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| − | <br> | + | <br> |
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| − | '''What are typical difficulties'''<br> | + | '''What are typical difficulties'''<br> |
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| − | *financial coverage<br> | + | *financial coverage<br> |
| − | *remote location<br> | + | *remote location<br> |
| − | *specific conditions<br> | + | *specific conditions<br> |
| | *uncertain outcome<br> | | *uncertain outcome<br> |
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| − | <br> | + | <br> |
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| | *'''Price range: '''depends on size of potential site, ranges from 2000 - 5000 USD/kW | | *'''Price range: '''depends on size of potential site, ranges from 2000 - 5000 USD/kW |
| | *'''Material needed: '''Turbine, generator, controller come from a specialist | | *'''Material needed: '''Turbine, generator, controller come from a specialist |
| | *'''Suitable geographic area: '''usual hilly and all year round water flow, also irrigation canals can have good hydropower potential | | *'''Suitable geographic area: '''usual hilly and all year round water flow, also irrigation canals can have good hydropower potential |
| − | *'''Required competencies: '''Experience in mhp feasibility for pre-study and planning, patience in cooperation with the local entities'''<br>''' | + | *'''Required competencies: '''Experience in mhp feasibility for pre-study and planning, patience in cooperation with the local entities'''<br>''' |
| | *'''How Long does it take: '''Ideally flow measurements should be taken over several years to ensure safe data. A must is the measurement of the minimal flow during dry season. From there on a mhp plant can be installed within one year. Accessibility of remote location, delivery times for turbine and generator and social setup usually take longer than estimated. | | *'''How Long does it take: '''Ideally flow measurements should be taken over several years to ensure safe data. A must is the measurement of the minimal flow during dry season. From there on a mhp plant can be installed within one year. Accessibility of remote location, delivery times for turbine and generator and social setup usually take longer than estimated. |
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| | [[Hydro|back to hydro section]] | | [[Hydro|back to hydro section]] |
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| − | [[Category:Hydro]]
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| − | <br>
| + | [[Category:Hydro]] |
