|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | == Controller: <br> == | + | = Overview<br/> = |
| | + | |
| | + | ... |
| | + | |
| | + | = Controller<br/> = |
| | | | |
| | <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> | | <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> |
| Line 8: |
Line 12: |
| | </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--><!--StartFragment--> | | </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--><!--StartFragment--> |
| | | | |
| − | <span id="1274973221030S" style="display: none"> </span> | + | <span id="1274973221030S" style="display: none"> </span> |
| | | | |
| − | === <!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600"
| + | <!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" |
| | o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" | | o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" |
| | stroked="f"> | | stroked="f"> |
| Line 36: |
Line 40: |
| | o:title="CIMG1955" cropleft="11224f" cropright="15384f"/> | | o:title="CIMG1955" cropleft="11224f" cropright="15384f"/> |
| | <w:wrap type="square"/> | | <w:wrap type="square"/> |
| − | </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: tahoma">Function principles:</span><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: tahoma">[[Image:Mhp-scheme.jpg|right|558x386px|Elements of a Micro Hydro Power Scheme]]</span> === | + | </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: tahoma" lang="DE"></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: tahoma" lang="DE">[[File:Mhp-scheme.jpg|right|536x371px|Elements of a Micro Hydro Power Scheme]]</span> |
| | | | |
| − | Load- or Flow- controller ensure that the power output does not exceed the power demand (e.g. 230V, 50 Hz). <br>If flow of water in a MHP-station is constant the energy output of a turbine/generator is constant as well. Power demand is usually fluctuating over the time (e.g. day/night). If supply is higher than demand, excess energy must be diverted, dumped. alternatively the water flow can be reduced which results in less power output. <br>In case of more power demand than supply the controller cuts of the of demand line. <br>Load controller are placed between generator output and the consumer line.<!--EndFragment--> <span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: tahoma" />
| + | <u>Function Principles:</u> |
| | | | |
| − | <br> | + | Load- or Flow- controller ensure that the power output does not exceed the power demand (e.g. 230V, 50 Hz).<br/>If flow of water in a MHP-station is constant the energy output of a turbine/generator is constant as well. Power demand is usually fluctuating over the time (e.g. day/night). If supply is higher than demand, excess energy must be diverted, dumped. alternatively the water flow can be reduced which results in less power output.<br/>In case of more power demand than supply the controller cuts of the of demand line.<br/>Load controller are placed between generator output and the consumer line.<!--EndFragment--> |
| | | | |
| − | <br>
| |
| | | | |
| − | <br>
| |
| | | | |
| − | <br> | + | = Controller Types<br/> = |
| | | | |
| | <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> | | <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> |
| Line 55: |
Line 57: |
| | </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--><!--StartFragment--> | | </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--><!--StartFragment--> |
| | | | |
| − | === <span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: tahoma">Controller Types</span> === | + | == Load Controller<br/> == |
| | + | |
| | + | [[File:Controler.jpg|right|349x141px|Controler.jpg]] |
| | + | |
| | + | Electronic circuit, which keeps output power constant in Frequency- and Voltage- parameters. |
| | + | |
| | + | Fluctuating energy demand requires a mechanism which either regulates the water input into the turbine (= flow control) or by diverting excess energy from the consumer connection (= ballast load). |
| | + | |
| | + | |
| | + | |
| | + | == Ballast Load<br/> == |
| | + | |
| | + | usually electrical heaters in water or air. If energy demand is temporarily low the excess energy is converted into heat. |
| | | | |
| − | ==== Load controller: ====
| |
| | | | |
| − | [[Image:Controler.jpg|right|349x141px|Controler.jpg]]
| |
| | | | |
| − | Electronic circuit, which keeps output power constant in Frequency- and Voltage- parameters.
| + | == Flow Control<br/> == |
| | | | |
| − | Fluctuating energy demand requires a mechanism which either regulates the water input into the turbine (= flow control) or by diverting excess energy from the consumer connection (= ballast load).
| + | regulates the amount of water into the turbine in order to match power output and power demand. |
| | | | |
| − | ==== Ballast load ====
| + | Nowadays flow control is done mostly via electronics (which steer a valve) |
| | | | |
| − | usually electrical heaters in water or air. If energy demand is temporarily low the excess energy is converted into heat.
| + | [[File:Flow-control.jpg|left|690x280px|principle flow control]] |
| | | | |
| − | ==== Flow control ====
| |
| | | | |
| − | regulates the amount of water into the turbine in order to match power output and power demand.
| |
| | | | |
| − | Nowadays flow control is done mostly via electronics (which steer a valve)
| + | = References<br/> = |
| | | | |
| − | [[Image:Flow-control.jpg|left|650x264px|principle flow control]]
| + | <references /> |
| | | | |
| | [[Category:Hydro]] | | [[Category:Hydro]] |
Load- or Flow- controller ensure that the power output does not exceed the power demand (e.g. 230V, 50 Hz).
If flow of water in a MHP-station is constant the energy output of a turbine/generator is constant as well. Power demand is usually fluctuating over the time (e.g. day/night). If supply is higher than demand, excess energy must be diverted, dumped. alternatively the water flow can be reduced which results in less power output.
In case of more power demand than supply the controller cuts of the of demand line.
Load controller are placed between generator output and the consumer line.
Electronic circuit, which keeps output power constant in Frequency- and Voltage- parameters.
Fluctuating energy demand requires a mechanism which either regulates the water input into the turbine (= flow control) or by diverting excess energy from the consumer connection (= ballast load).
usually electrical heaters in water or air. If energy demand is temporarily low the excess energy is converted into heat.
regulates the amount of water into the turbine in order to match power output and power demand.
