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| | = Overview = | | = Overview = |
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| − | <span lang="en-gb">Vietnam remains one of world’s fastest growing economies, having sustained an average growth rate of 6.8% over the last seven<br/>years, and currently has a per capita GDP of about £1,100. In spite of these impressive gains, the vast majority of the population continues to live in rural areas where incomes are far below the national average, and is largely dependent on small-scale farming or animal husbandry. In addition, Vietnam is highly vulnerable to adverse impacts of climate change, which may eliminate the much of the gains made in poverty reduction and economic development.</span> | + | <span lang="en-gb">Vietnam remains one of world’s fastest growing economies, having sustained an average growth rate of 6.8% over the last seven years, and currently has a per capita GDP of about £1,100. In spite of these impressive gains, the vast majority of the population continues to live in rural areas where incomes are far below the national average, and is largely dependent on small-scale farming or animal husbandry. In addition, Vietnam is highly vulnerable to adverse impacts of climate change, which may eliminate the much of the gains made in poverty reduction and economic development.</span> |
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| | <span lang="en-gb"></span>In the last decade, fast industrialization and the economy’s expansion lead to its rapidly growing energy consumption. An increased dependency on fossil fuels is foreseen, and Vietnam is already a net energy importer. Vietnam targets to increase the share of renewable energy in total, commercial, primary energy from 3% in 2010 to 5% in 2020 and 11% by 2050. | | <span lang="en-gb"></span>In the last decade, fast industrialization and the economy’s expansion lead to its rapidly growing energy consumption. An increased dependency on fossil fuels is foreseen, and Vietnam is already a net energy importer. Vietnam targets to increase the share of renewable energy in total, commercial, primary energy from 3% in 2010 to 5% in 2020 and 11% by 2050. |
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| + | = Energy Situation = |
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| − | = Energy Situation = | + | |
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| | == Rural Energy Supply == | | == Rural Energy Supply == |
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| | Wood is still the main source of energy for over 56% of the country, mainly rural people, over 80% of the country uses wood on a daily basis for cooking purposes. Wood collection time has increased, and wood purchase prices also continue to increase. The BUS2011-2012 survey showed that the households were spending on average around 390.000 VND (€ 14) on fuel costs, of which around 75.000 VND (€ 2,5) was for firewood, 95.000 VND (€ 3) for coal and around 100.000 (€ 3,5) for LPG. | | Wood is still the main source of energy for over 56% of the country, mainly rural people, over 80% of the country uses wood on a daily basis for cooking purposes. Wood collection time has increased, and wood purchase prices also continue to increase. The BUS2011-2012 survey showed that the households were spending on average around 390.000 VND (€ 14) on fuel costs, of which around 75.000 VND (€ 2,5) was for firewood, 95.000 VND (€ 3) for coal and around 100.000 (€ 3,5) for LPG. |
| | <div><div id="ftn1"></div></div> | | <div><div id="ftn1"></div></div> |
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| | == <br/>Biogas == | | == <br/>Biogas == |
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| | *'''Increasing environmental awareness:''' Both the Government of Vietnam (GoV) and the public have become increasingly concerned about environmental pollution. “Biogas User Surveys” undertaken by <span lang="en-gb">National Biogas Program</span> (BPD) during 2007-2012 indicate that reducing environmental pollution is a primary consideration of the farmer for the purchase of a bio-digester. Because Vietnam is highly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, there is also an increasing awareness of the need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and domestic bio-digesters will make a significant contribution to those reductions. | | *'''Increasing environmental awareness:''' Both the Government of Vietnam (GoV) and the public have become increasingly concerned about environmental pollution. “Biogas User Surveys” undertaken by <span lang="en-gb">National Biogas Program</span> (BPD) during 2007-2012 indicate that reducing environmental pollution is a primary consideration of the farmer for the purchase of a bio-digester. Because Vietnam is highly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, there is also an increasing awareness of the need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and domestic bio-digesters will make a significant contribution to those reductions. |
| | *'''High and rising energy prices:''' Biogas is used for cooking, lighting and other activities (some of which are income generating like tofu making and/or rice wine production), thereby reducing traditional fuel use and costs. In recent years, fuel prices have increased at much higher rates than the construction cost of biogas plants. | | *'''High and rising energy prices:''' Biogas is used for cooking, lighting and other activities (some of which are income generating like tofu making and/or rice wine production), thereby reducing traditional fuel use and costs. In recent years, fuel prices have increased at much higher rates than the construction cost of biogas plants. |
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| | = Policy Framework, Laws and Regulations = | | = Policy Framework, Laws and Regulations = |
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| − | [[Category:Vietnam]]
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| | [[Category:Country_Energy_Situation]] | | [[Category:Country_Energy_Situation]] |
| | + | [[Category:Vietnam]] |
