| Gabon
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| Capital
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Libreville
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| Region
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Sub-Saharan Africa
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| Coordinates
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1.073968° S, 10.85873° E
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| Total Area (km²) It includes a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.
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| Population It is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin.
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| Rural Population (% of total population) It refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
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| GDP (current US$) It is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
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| GDP Per Capita (current US$) It is gross domestic product divided by midyear population
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| Access to Electricity (% of population) It is the percentage of population with access to electricity.
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| Energy Imports Net (% of energy use) It is estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
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| Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption (% of total) It comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.
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| Additional information on Gabon on energypedia.
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Solar
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Wind Energy
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Bioenergy
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Hydro
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Grid/Mini-grid
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Improved Cooking
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Productive Use
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Energy Access
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Climate Change
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Powering Agriculture
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Financing & Funding
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Others
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Introduction
Gabon lies on the equator, and located on the far west coast of Cengtral Africa. The country borders 3 countries & the Gulf of Guinea; to the north-west is Equatorial Guinea, to the north is Cameroon & to both east & south is the Republic of Congo, while the Gulf of Guinea is to the west.
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Gabon's Borders Map (UN, 2004)
Energy Situation
Overview of the Country's Energy Sources
Gabon's total land area is about 85% forest, which makes biomass a predominant energy source for supplying the country's domestic sector needs in particular[1][2]. Gabon has also high potential for hydro-electric generation due to its topography and high-precipitation conditions[1].
In terms of proven and recoverable oil reserves, the country is considered to be one of the richest in sub-Sharan Africa, ranking the 5th largest in the continent (After Nigeria, Angola, Sudan, South Sudan & Uganda)[1][2]. It also ranks as the 3rd largest oil producer in sub-Saharan Africa; following Nigeria & Angola[1].
The country's two main energy sources are fossil-fuels and hydropower[1]. 51.7% of Gabon's total produced electricity in 2015 were generated from hydro, and 48.2% were from fossil fuels[1]. Gabon relies heavily on oil for both its export revenues & its domestic energy production[3]. The other major energy source is hydropower, from which the country's government aims to produce up to 1200 MW by 2020[3].
Energy Access
Compared to other countries in the region, Gabon has a good electrification rate with approximately 91.4% of the total population has access to electricity, leaving about 200,000 citizens lacking it[4][5].
As shown in the following figure, Gabon's electrification rate has been steadily on the rise between the late 90s and 2008. The electrification rate witnessed a significant rise between 2008-2010, yet it started to slow down from 2010 until 2013, when it started to steadily increase again until recently.
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Gabon's Total Electricity Access 1990-2017 (Tracking SDG&, 2019)
Gabon's urban electrification rate reached almost 97.5% by 2017, while the rural electrification rate was 50% at the same year, as shown the next 2 figures respectively.
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Gabon's Urban Electricity Access 1990-2017 (Tracking SDG7, 2019)
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Gabon's Rural Electricity Access 1990-2017 (Tracking SDG7, 2019)
Production
Table: Gabon’s production of different energy sources 2000-2018[6]
| Energy source
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Unit
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2000
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2005
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2013
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2014
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2015
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2016
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2017
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2018
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| Charcoal
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kt
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15
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18
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21
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21
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22
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22
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23
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23
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| Crude oil
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kt
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13797
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13477
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11608
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11607
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11147
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9993
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10014
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10137
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| Natural gas
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TJ
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3134
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3917
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11755
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56334
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20750
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20900
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20778
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21022
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| Hydro-electricity
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GWh
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809
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819
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932
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795
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862
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930
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1013
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1104
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| Electricity from renewables
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GWh
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0
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0
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4
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6
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2
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2
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2
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2
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| Oil products
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kt
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599
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706
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797
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774
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762
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826
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886
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951
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Installed Capacity
Table: Gabon's Total Electricity Installed Capacity 2011-2018 (MW)[7]
| Year
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2011
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2012
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2013
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2014
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2015
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2016
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2017
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2018
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| Renewables
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170.2
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170.2
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330.2
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330.2
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330.2
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330.3
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332.9
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332.9
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| Hydro
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170.2
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170.2
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330.2
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330.2
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330.2
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330.3
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330.3
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330.3
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Gabon's total primary energy supply by source 1990-2016 (IEA, 2018)
Consumption
Table: Gabon's Final Consumption of Different Energy Sources 2000-2018[6]
| Energy source
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Unit
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2000
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2005
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2013
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2014
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2015
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2016
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2017
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2018
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| Oil
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Kt
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311
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350
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761
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741
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728
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753
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771
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791
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| Natural gas
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TJ
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56
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66
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93
|
110
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114
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116
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125
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136
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| Electricity
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GWh
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989
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1184
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1736
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1997
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2104
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2107
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2133
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2259
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06- Gabon's final energy consumption of different energy sources 1990-2016 (IEA, 2018)
Renewable Energy
Fossil Fuels
Key Problems of the Energy Sector
Policy Framework, Laws and Regulations
Institutional Set up in the Energy Sector
Other Key Actors / Activities of Donors, Implementing Agencies, Civil Society Organisations
Further Information
References
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