| Description
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A rechargeable battery, storage battery, secondary battery or accumulator is a type of electrical battery. It comprises one or more electrochemical cells, and is a type of energy accumulator used for electrochemical energy storage. It is technically known as a secondary cell because its electrochemical reactions are electrically reversible. Rechargeable batteries come in many different shapes and sizes, ranging from button cells to megawatt systems connected to stabilize an electrical distribution network. Several different combinations of chemicals are commonly used, including: lead–acid, nickel cadmium (NiCd), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), and lithium ion polymer (Li-ion polymer).
Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechargeable_battery
In agriculture, electrochemical energy storages can be used in autonomous renewable supply systems for off-grid farms and other facilities.
On-grid, it can be used as backup system for critical processes (for example in dairy farms or aquacultures).
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| Technology for the Application of
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| ☑ Solar
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☐ Biomass
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☐ Biofuel
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| ☐ Biogas
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☑ Wind
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☐ Geo-Thermal
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| ☐ Hydro
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☐ Energy Efficiency
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| ☐ Other: /
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| Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Steps
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| ☐ Mechanization
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☐ Efficiency of Operation
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☐ Processing
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| ☐ Transportation
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☐ Controlled Atmosphere
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☐ Controlled Temperature
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| ☐ Mechanical Sorting
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☐ Preservation
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| ☑ Other: All value chain steps with electrical power demand
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| Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Activities
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| ☐ Grinding
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☐ Hauling and conveying
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☐ Sorting
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| ☐ Seedbed Preparation
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☐ Milling
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☐ Tearing
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| ☐ Planting
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☐ Washing
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☐ Mixing
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| ☐ Pumping
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☐ Heating
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☐ Drying
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| ☐ Irrigation
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☐ Cooling
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☐ Animal feeding
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| ☐ Fertilizing
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☐ Venting
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☐ Animal health and Welfare
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| ☐ Pest Management
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☐ Lighting
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☐ Packing and branding
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| ☐ Cutting
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☐ Sanitation
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| ☑ Other: All value chain activities with electrical power demand
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| Primarily Implemented in the following Commodity Groups
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| ☐ Cereals
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☐ Fruits and vegetables
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☐ Nuts and berries
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| ☐ Forage
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☐ Dairy products
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☐ Meat products
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| ☐ Oil Seeds
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☐ Roots and Tubers
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☐ Eggs
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| ☐ Pulses
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☐ Fiber Crops
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☐ Forestry
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| ☐ Sugars
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☐ Stimulants
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☐ Spices
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| ☑ Other: All commodity groups with electrical power demand
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|
Region & Country of
Development
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N/A
☐ Africa
☐ South Asia
☐ East Asia & The Pacific
☐ Europe & Central Asia
☐ Latin America & The Caribbean
☐ Middle East & North Africa
☐ North America
☑ N/A: Region of development cannot be named
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Region & Country of
Current Deployment
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N/A
☐ Africa
☐ South Asia
☐ East Asia & The Pacific
☐ Europe & Central Asia
☐ Latin America & The Caribbean
☐ Middle East & North Africa
☐ North America
☑ N/A: Region of current deployment cannot be named
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Region & Country of
Potential Deployment
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Worldwide
☑ Africa
☑ South Asia
☑ East Asia & The Pacific
☑ Europe & Central Asia
☑ Latin America & The Caribbean
☑ Middle East & North Africa
☑ North America
☐ N/A: /
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| Manufacturers
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NGK Insulator, LDT. (http://www.ngk.co.jp/english/products/power/nas/index.html)
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| Economics
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Has to be evaluated;
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| Technology Development Level
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Prototype testing and local availability;
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| Required Maintenance Technical Level
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High: Technology can only be maintained through its life cycle with uncommon tools and requires trained professionals for maintenance;
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| Required Infrastructure for Deployment
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High: Technology development requires either, high-development level supporting technologies or mid-development level supporting technologies and uncommon tools and professional personnel;
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| Required Resources during manufacture
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Chemicals, metals, energy;
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| Required Resources during operation
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Deployment
Level
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Prototype testing and local availability;
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| Deployment Capability and Potential
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Development technology, resources, or technical support limits deployment of the technology;
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| Requirements for Deployment
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Establishing industrial production and distribution structures for the technology;
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| Relevance for Autonomy and Food Security
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Energy independent: operates with onsite renewables, requires supporting tech and services;
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| Environment Impacts (emissions)
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Has to be evaluated;
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| Conformity with Bio- Cybernetic System Rules
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| Additional information / Comments
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No comments.
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| Internal Reference
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| Additional Links
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http://energystorage.org/energy-storage/technologies/sodium-sulfur-nas-batteries
http://energyenvironment.pnnl.gov/ei/pdf/Chemical%20Reviews.pdf
http://www.neesc.org/
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